Evidence mapPaperPMID 40028846Full record

SynthesisJournal of the American Heart Association2025

Exercise Intolerance in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Kara C Anderson, Nathan R Weeldreyer, Zachary S Leicht, Siddhartha S Angadi, Zhenqi Liu

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Kara C AndersonDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine University of Virginia Health System Charlottesville VA.ORCID 0000-0003-3172-4805
Nathan R WeeldreyerDepartment of Kinesiology, School of Education and Human Development University of Virginia Charlottesville VA.ORCID 0000-0002-0314-7679
Zachary S LeichtDepartment of Kinesiology, School of Education and Human Development University of Virginia Charlottesville VA.
Siddhartha S AngadiDepartment of Kinesiology, School of Education and Human Development University of Virginia Charlottesville VA.ORCID 0000-0002-2932-7926
Zhenqi LiuDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine University of Virginia Health System Charlottesville VA.ORCID 0000-0001-5077-0941

Funding

Role of Microvascular insulin resistance and cardiorespiratory fitness in diabetesR01DK124344 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · 2023 to 2025
$1.4M
Research Training in Neuroendocrinology and MetabolismT32DK007646 · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA CHARLOTTESVILLE · 1990 to 2025
$1.3M
Effects of Exercise and GLP-1R Agonism on Muscle Microvascular Perfusion and Insulin ActionR01DK125330 · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · 2025 to 2025
$657k
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK124344NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK125330NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK007646
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo analyze the effect of type 2 diabetes (T2D) on cardiorespiratory fitness.

methodsA multilevel model using restricted maximum likelihood method was used to analyze pooled data. Inclusion criteria included adults aged >18 years, one group of individuals needed to have been diagnosed with T2D, the control group must not have had insulin resistance, the study must report peak oxygen uptake, there was no exercise training before tests of functional capacity, and subjects may not have had overt cardiovascular disease, cancer, transplant surgery, or bariatric surgery. Moderators assessed were sample demographics (age, body mass index, sex, and time since T2D diagnosis) and cardiovascular outcomes (eg, echocardiographic variables, blood pressure).

resultsAbsolute (cohorts n=30; subjects n=1152; mean difference, -0.29 L/min [95% CI, -0.37 to -0.22 L/min];

conclusionsMarkers of cardiac diastolic function (early mitral inflow velocity/early mitral annulus velocity and left atrial volume index) and time since diabetes diagnosis may contribute to exercise intolerance in T2D, although there is a lack of data in young/older adults and newly diagnosed individuals. As cardiorespiratory fitness predicts both all-cause mortality and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, these data have important implications for risk reduction in individuals with T2D.

Indexed as

Cardiorespiratory FitnessDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Exercise ToleranceFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedOxygen Consumptiondiastolic functionexercise intoleranceinsulin resistancepeak oxygen uptake

Identifiers

PMID40028846
PMCPMC12132642

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.