Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40032724›Full record

ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2025

Expanding Access to Continuous Glucose Monitoring Through Empowering Primary Care: A Joint Endocrinology-Primary Care Quality Improvement Project.

Kristen L Flint, Madeline Fiore, Angela Justice, Jarra Carney, Caitlin A Colling, Josephine H Li, Melissa S Putman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Kristen L FlintMGH Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. kflint2@mgb.org.ORCID 0000-0001-6941-9385
Madeline FioreMGH Broadway Primary Care-Revere, Revere, MA, USA.
Angela JusticeMGH Broadway Primary Care-Revere, Revere, MA, USA.
Jarra CarneyMGH Broadway Primary Care-Revere, Revere, MA, USA.
Caitlin A CollingMGH Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Josephine H LiMGH Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Melissa S PutmanMGH Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

Funding

TRAINING PROGRAM IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND DIABETEST32DK007028 · NIDDK · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI Karen K Miller · 1986 to 2026
$18.5M
Elucidating the pharmacogenetics of the response to GLP-1 receptor agonists for type 2 diabetesK23DK131345 · NIDDK · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI Josephine H Li · 2022 to 2026
$953k
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases T32DK007028NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK131345NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK007028
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDespite guideline recommendations to offer continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) to all patients with diabetes using insulin, prescription rates for CGM remain low in primary care.

objectiveThis quality improvement project aimed to improve access to CGM in primary care for patients with type 2 diabetes on insulin.

designThis was a quality improvement project conducted by a joint endocrinology/primary care team at a single primary care community health clinic. After defining the problem through process mapping, driver diagrams, and Pareto charts, several interventions were trialed through Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles.

participantsThe study team consisted of four endocrinologists, two primary care providers (MD/NP), the lead primary care nurse, and the primary care population health specialist.

interventionsInterventions included a directory for durable medical equipment (DME) suppliers, nursing education with device company representatives, a new electronic ordering system for DME, and a nursing outreach program to patients eligible for CGM. MAIN MEASURES: The primary outcome was percentage of eligible patients using CGM. Process measures included the number of CGM orders started weekly. Nursing comfort with CGM, knowledge of CGM, and perceptions of communication with DME suppliers were also measured. KEY

resultsThe percentage of eligible patients using CGM increased from 28 to 42%, and the percentage of patients using CGM started in primary care increased from 8 to 14%. Weekly orders increased from 0.3 per week to 2.3 per week. Nursing reported feeling more comfortable and knowledgeable about CGM after the interventions and reported improved communication with DME suppliers.

conclusionsCGM is known to improve outcomes for patients with diabetes but is an underutilized tool in primary care. Collaborative quality improvement projects between endocrinology and primary care can rapidly build capacity within primary care to prescribe CGM and expand access for patients with diabetes who do not have endocrinologists.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseBlood Glucose Self-MonitoringDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2EndocrinologyHealth Services AccessibilityPrimary Health CareQuality ImprovementContinuous Glucose MonitoringFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedBlood GlucoseAccessContinuous glucose monitoringPrimary careQuality improvement

Identifiers

PMID40032724
PMCPMC12343416

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.