Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40041444›Full record

ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2025

New Kids on the Block: Estimating Use of Next-generation Gram-negative Antibiotics Across Greater Than 700 Hospitals in the United States.

Anthony D Harris, Katherine E Goodman, Lisa Pineles, Morgan Walker, Jacqueline T Bork, Emily L Heil, Kimberly C Claeys, Justin Brooks, Sameer Kadri, Bradley A Maron and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Anthony D HarrisDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2193-1560
Katherine E GoodmanDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2851-775X
Lisa PinelesDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2377-5971
Morgan WalkerCritical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Jacqueline T BorkDepartment of Practice, Sciences, and Health Outcomes Research, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Emily L HeilDepartment of Practice, Sciences, and Health Outcomes Research, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6644-6684
Kimberly C ClaeysDepartment of Practice, Sciences, and Health Outcomes Research, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6895-604X
Justin BrooksUM Institute for Health Computing, North Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Sameer KadriCritical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Bradley A MaronDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Jonathan D BaghdadiDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2442-0654

Funding

AHRQ HHS K08 HS028854
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: In recent years, new broad-spectrum antibiotics targeting Gram-negative organisms have been introduced, including cefiderocol, ceftazidime-avibactam, ceftolozane-tazobactam, eravacycline, imipenem-relebactam, omadacycline, and meropenem-vaborbactam. This study aimed to describe new antibiotic use across a large national cohort. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of hospital discharges from June 2022 to May 2023 using the Premier Healthcare Database. Antibiotic utilization was ascertained from daily charges. Clinical indication(s) were inferred from International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, diagnosis codes. Antibiotic therapy was considered definitive if continued >3 days. Piperacillin-tazobactam was used as a comparator. Results: Across 832 hospitals, 3 890 557 admissions (61.9% of all admissions) included an antibiotic prescription. New antibiotics were prescribed in 9768 admissions (0.25% of antibiotic-prescribing admissions) across 537 hospitals. Ceftolozane-tazobactam was prescribed in 4157 admissions (42.6% of 9768), ceftazidime-avibactam in 3660 (37.5%), eravacycline in 1213 (12.4%), cefiderocol in 1060 (10.9%), meropenem-vaborbactam in 456 (4.7%), omadacycline in 104 (1.1%), and imipenem-relebactam in 99 (1.0%). In contrast, piperacillin-tazobactam was prescribed in 731 719 (18.8%) and colistin in 570 (0.01%) admissions. Forty-six percent (n = 4647/9768) of new antibiotics were started in the first 3 days of hospital admission, and 70% (n = 6799/9768) were used as definitive therapy. Sepsis (76%), pneumonia (46%), and urinary tract infection (39%) were the most common clinical indications. On average, patients treated with new antibiotics had 8 more comorbid conditions than patients receiving piperacillin-tazobactam. Conclusions: Ceftazidime-avibactam and ceftolozane-tazobactam remain the most frequently prescribed new antibiotics, with uptake of subsequently approved agents trailing. New antibiotics are most commonly used as treatment for sepsis among patients with multiple comorbidities.

Indexed as

gram-negative antibioticsgram-negative bacteriahospital discharge datainfectionsnew antibiotics

Identifiers

PMID40041444
PMCPMC11878548

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.