Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40050644›Full record

ReviewNPJ Parkinson's disease2025

Race and ethnicity matter! Moving Parkinson's risk research towards diversity and inclusiveness.

Sara Siddiqi, Zoe Ortiz, Stephanie Simard, Juan Li, Kamaya Lawrence, Melissa Redmond, Julianna J Tomlinson, Michael G Schlossmacher, Natalina Salmaso

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in NPJ Parkinson's disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Sara SiddiqiDepartment of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4818-2355
Zoe OrtizDepartment of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Stephanie SimardDepartment of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Juan LiClinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Kamaya LawrenceDepartment of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Melissa RedmondSchool of Social Work, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Julianna J TomlinsonSchool of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Michael G SchlossmacherSchool of Social Work, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0394-0300
Natalina SalmasoDepartment of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada. natalina.salmaso@carleton.ca.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder that shows considerable heterogeneity of risk factors however, the degree to which race/ethnicity has been actively pursued in PD risk research is unknown. We examined PD literature from 2000-24 and found that less than half accounted for race/ethnicity and only 4.8% of n = 1142 articles included ethno-racial factors as an integral part of the analysis. This demonstrates that race/ethnicity has been critically understudied in PD and further studies that examine ethno-racial contributions to risk for PD are warranted.

Identifiers

PMID40050644
PMCPMC11885646

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.