Evidence mapPaperPMID 40050828Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

Health status, lifestyle and quality of life in older adults of rural and urban areas of Tarragona province (Catalonia, Spain): a cross-sectional descriptive study.

C Jiménez-Ten Hoevel, J Queral, M Besora-Moreno, L Tarro, A Sospedra-Senar, J Tomàs-Piqueras, C Sepúlveda, R M Valls, A Pedret, R Solà and 1 more

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Rural-urban differences in osteoporosis and sarcopenia prevalence among Gambian older adults: a pilot study.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

C Jiménez-Ten Hoevel *Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carrer de Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain.
J Queral *Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carrer de Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain.
M Besora-MorenoFunctional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carrer de Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain.
L TarroFunctional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carrer de Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain.
A Sospedra-SenarFunctional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carrer de Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain.
J Tomàs-PiquerasFunctional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carrer de Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain.
C SepúlvedaFunctional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carrer de Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain.
R M VallsFunctional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carrer de Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain.
A PedretFunctional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carrer de Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain. anna.pedret@urv.cat.
R SolàFunctional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carrer de Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain. rosa.sola@urv.cat.
E LlauradóFunctional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carrer de Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain.

Funding

Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca 2021-SGR-00817Diputació de Tarragona 2021-SGR-00817Universitat Rovira i Virgili 2021PGR-DIPTA-URV03
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPeople over 60 years old represent 26.5% of the world's population, and enhancing health emerges as an opportunity. Thus, this study aims to describe and compare the health status (sarcopenia parameters), lifestyles, quality of life, and malnutrition risk of older adults from rural and urban areas of Tarragona province (Catalonia, Spain).

methodsThe study was a cross-sectional study comparing rural and urban areas of Tarragona province, including 14 of 61 villages as rural areas (500- ≤ 2,000 inhabitants) and 5 of 8 cities as urban areas (≥ 20,000 inhabitants). The variables assessed were: sarcopenia parameters (muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance) and lifestyles (diet, physical activity, sleep quality), quality of life and risk of malnutrition. A total of 291 older adults, n = 189 (rural areas) and n = 102 (urban areas), including 80% women with a mean age of 67.37 (rural areas) and 69.12 (urban areas), were studied.

resultsThe mean of muscle mass (kg) is higher in men from rural areas (57.59 ± 7.01 vs. 53.48 ± 6.82; p = 0.047) than in urban areas. Compared with urban areas, more people from rural areas accomplish the recommendations of consumption of fruits and vegetables (13.8% vs. 4.9%; p = 0.019), and dairy products (95.8% vs. 88.2%; p = 0.015) along with their high-intensity physical activity (76.7% vs. 65%; p = 0.046). Additionally, in rural areas, more people presented better sleep and quality of life, including physical and emotional roles dimensions, than the urban areas individuals (p ≤ 0.05). No difference among groups was shown in nutritional status.

conclusionSarcopenia parameters of urban and rural older adults are similar, except for the highest muscle mass of older adults from rural areas compared to urban ones. In addition, older adults living in rural areas show healthier lifestyles and better quality of life than urban individuals, reinforcing the importance of adapting actions according to the people's environment.

Indexed as

Health StatusLife StyleQuality of LifeRural PopulationUrban PopulationAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMalnutritionMiddle AgedSarcopeniaSpainAgeingLifestyleOlder adultsQuality of lifeSarcopenia

Identifiers

PMID40050828
PMCPMC11883952

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.