Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40052162›Full record

ArticleClinical kidney journal2025

The hidden interplay between sex and adverse outcomes in incident dialysis patients: the role of aortic calcification.

Xue Zhao, Zitong Lei, Meng Wang, Hua Liu, Mengyao Yan, Linhui Huo, Zhumei Gao, Hongli Jiang, Limin Wei

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical kidney journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Xue ZhaoDepartment of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9483-1678
Zitong LeiDepartment of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Meng WangDepartment of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Hua LiuDepartment of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Mengyao YanDepartment of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Linhui HuoDepartment of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Zhumei GaoDepartment of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Hongli JiangDepartment of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Limin WeiDepartment of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5574-2760

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Research on the sex disparity in the prognosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly among those who are newly initiating dialysis, is limited and inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate the associations between sex, and all-cause mortality and major cardiovascular adverse events (MACE), with a particular focus on the presence of aortic calcification (AC). Methods: We conducted a Results: During a median follow-up period of 3.55 years, 362 (269 male and 93 female) patients died and 477 (342 male and 135 female) patients developed MACE. The risks for all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 0.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.47-0.79] and MACE (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.60-0.93) were lower in females than in males. This finding was robust across multiple sensitivity analyses and most subgroups. Moreover, the associations between sex and adverse outcomes were significantly modified by AC status at dialysis initiation ( Conclusions: In patients with renal failure receiving dialysis, AC abolished the survival and cardiovascular protection observed in female versus male patients. This finding supports the need for greater awareness of the AC burden in female dialysis patients.

Indexed as

all-cause deathaortic calcificationcardiovascular eventsincident dialysissex disparities

Identifiers

PMID40052162
PMCPMC11883226

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.