Evidence mapPaperPMID 40052253Full record

ArticleJournal of neurochemistry2025

Exploring the Structural Dynamics of LeuT Using EPR Spectroscopy: A Focus on Transmembrane Helix 10.

Petros Tsalagradas, Callum Eke, Courtney Andrews, Fraser MacMillan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neurochemistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Petros TsalagradasHenry Wellcome Unit for Biological EPR, School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9198-7884
Callum EkeHenry Wellcome Unit for Biological EPR, School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
Courtney AndrewsHenry Wellcome Unit for Biological EPR, School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
Fraser MacMillanHenry Wellcome Unit for Biological EPR, School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2410-4790

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/M011216/1European Commission 860954Royal Society
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The amino-acid transporter LeuT from Aquifex aeolicus is a well-studied bacterial homologue of the neurotransmitter: sodium symporters (NSS), especially the solute carrier 6 (SLC6) family. Within the nervous system, SLC6 transporters play a vital role in the termination of synaptic transmission, and their dysfunction leads to severe neurological conditions, rendering them key pharmacological targets. LeuT was the first SLC6 homologue to be crystallised and remains the main reference transporter to develop transport cycle models for its eukaryotic counterparts. Here, we aim to probe LeuT and investigate mechanistically important conformational changes using a combination of Site-Directed Spin Labelling (SDSL) and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopic techniques in detergent solubilised micelles and proteoliposomes. We focus, primarily, on 'subtle' structural, molecular motions occurring at the extracellular region of transmembrane helix (TM) 10, which cannot be resolved using conventional high-resolution crystallographic techniques. We observe similar but not identical ion/ligand-dependent conformational changes of LeuT on the extracellular domain of TM10 in detergent micelles and proteoliposomes. Close agreement is also observed between in silico analysis of existing static structural models and the experimental data acquired here in the form of coarse-grained accessibility restraints, demonstrating that such subtle movements can be important for understanding both function and mechanism. The observed differences for the dynamics of LeuT in different environments underpin future work, which aims to explore 'more native' reconstituted proteoliposome conditions more thoroughly using pulsed EPR methods before generalised conclusions can be drawn on the physiological relevance of such structural changes and whether they can provide novel insights on the molecular events underlying the transport cycle of LeuT.

Indexed as

Bacterial ProteinsAquifexElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyProteolipidsSpin LabelsBacterial ProteinsProteolipidsproteoliposomesSpin LabelsdynamicsEPRmembrane transport proteinNSSSLC6spin label

Identifiers

PMID40052253
PMCPMC11886772

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.