Evidence mapPaperPMID 40053483Full record

ArticleAIDS (London, England)2025

Cognitive function and mortality among persons aging with HIV and injection drug use.

Damani A Piggott, Shruti H Mehta, Leah H Rubin, Jing Sun, Sean X Leng, Gregory D Kirk

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in AIDS (London, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Damani A PiggottJohns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, MD, USA.
Shruti H Mehta
Leah H Rubin
Jing Sun
Sean X Leng
Gregory D Kirk

Funding

AIDS Linked to the IntraVenous Experience (ALIVE) StudyU01DA036297 · NIDA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · 2021 to 2025
$10.6M
Leveraging an ongoing longitudinal study of influenza vaccination to define immune signatures of response and risk of infection in older adults >75U01AI165826 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · 2023 to 2025
$5.0M
INCIDENCE OF HIV INFECTIONS IN A COHORT OF IV DRUG USERSR01DA012568 · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · 1999 to 2005
$3.9M
JHU Center for the Advancement of HIV Neurotherapeutics (JHU CAHN)- Therapeutic CoreP30MH075673 · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$1.5M
Frailty, HIV Infection, Injection Drug Use and the Inflammatory-MicrobiomeR01AG060825 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Damani Piggott · 2021 to 2021
$676k
Collaboration on HIV and AgingResearch through the Study of MitochondriaK01AI162247 · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$136k
NIAID NIH HHS K01 AI162247NIAID NIH HHS K24 AI118591NIAID NIH HHS RC1 AI086053NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI165826NIA NIH HHS R01 AG060825NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA012568NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA023832NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA036297NIMH NIH HHS P30 MH075673
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveCognitive impairment and frailty are critical, aging-related phenotypes prevalent among people with HIV (PWH). Yet, limited data exist isolating the determinants of cognitive function among persons with a history of injection drug use (PWID) with and at risk for HIV, or on the intersecting relationship of cognitive function and frailty with mortality in this population. DESIGN/

methodsStandard cognitive assessments were performed among PWID with and without HIV in the AIDS Linked to the IntraVenous Experience (ALIVE) cohort. Frailty was assessed using the five Fried physical frailty phenotype criteria. An inflammatory index score was constructed from IL-6 and soluble TNF-α receptor-1 data. Cox proportional hazards models were utilized to estimate mortality risk.

resultsAmong 516 ALIVE participants, the median age was 52 years, and 41% were PWH. Hazardous alcohol use and older age were significantly associated with reductions in processing speed, motor function, and global cognitive function. In multivariable models, reduced processing speed, motor function, and global cognitive function were significantly associated with increased mortality. Reduced global cognitive function and frailty were independently associated with mortality. Reduced processing speed, motor function, executive function, and global cognitive function were significantly associated with heightened inflammation.

conclusionReduced cognitive function is a significant predictor of death among PWH and PWID, independent of frailty, HIV disease stage, and comorbidity. Interventions that target both cognitive function and frailty, including those targeting inflammation pathways, among PWH and PWID may improve aging outcomes for these populations.

Indexed as

AgingCognitionCognitive DysfunctionFrailtyHIV InfectionsSubstance Abuse, IntravenousAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSurvival Analysisagingcognitive functionfrailtyHIVinflammationinjection drug usemortality

Identifiers

PMID40053483
PMCPMC12383706

What Socratic holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.