ArticleBMC cardiovascular disorders2025
Association of visceral adiposity index (VAI) with prognosis in patients with metabolic syndrome and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
Article in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Diabetes-related differences in body composition and their prognostic value among patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction: a cardiac-MRI-based study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Trajectories of adiposity indices and the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality: a prospective cohort study.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Central obesity and its association with youth physical and mental health: evidence from the Australian National Health Survey.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- The Visceral Adiposity Index and Its Usefulness in the Prediction of Cardiometabolic Disorders.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Association between visceral adiposity index and sleep disorders among the U.S. adults: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundVisceral Adiposity Index (VAI) is an effective predictor of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and serves as a marker of visceral adiposity. The association between the VAI index and poor prognosis in patients with MetS and Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) remains unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between VAI and endpoint events in patients with metabolic syndrome and HFrEF.
methodsThis study was a single-center retrospective cohort study. A total of 809 patients with MetS and HFrEF admitted to Hangzhou Hospital of Zhejiang Medical Group from January 2014 to September 2021 were consecutively included. The VAI index was calculated based on anthropometric measurements and laboratory examination results at admission, and patients were grouped according to tertiles of VAI index. All patients were followed for 24 months, and the incidence of cardiac death and readmission for heart failure was recorded.
resultsFor different clinical endpoint events, there were significant differences in event-free survival between tertiles of VAI index. The risk of cardiac death [hazard ratio (HR):3.402, 95%CI:2.123-5.449, P < 0.001] and heart failure readmission (HR:4.862, 95%CI:3.605-6.557, P < 0.001) increased with the increase of tertile of VAI index. Multivariate COX regression analysis adjusted for other confounding factors showed that VAI was an independent predictor of clinical adverse endpoint events. The predictive value of VAI for cardiac death [Area under curve (AUC):0.649, 95%CI:0.602-0.697, P < 0.001] and heart failure readmission (AUC:0.693, 95%CI:0.656-0.729, P < 0.001) was higher than that of other variables.
conclusionsIn patients with HFrEF at risk for comorbid metabolic diseases, baseline VAI levels on admission were associated with the occurrence of adverse outcomes during follow-up.
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