Evidence mapPaperPMID 40059622Full record

ArticleClinical pharmacology and therapeutics2025

Use of Sodium-Glucose Transport Protein 2 Inhibitors and the Incidence of Urolithiasis: A Multi-Database and Cross-Country Study in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Mu-Chi Chung, Chia-Yen Lin, Chao-Hsiang Chang, Yi-Huei Chang, Po-Jen Hsiao, Chi-Shun Lien, Laing-You Wu, Ming-Ju Wu, Jeng-Jer Shieh, Peir-Haur Hung and 2 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Mu-Chi ChungDepartment of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0001-5283-2886
Chia-Yen LinDepartment of Urology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-6303-2187
Chao-Hsiang ChangDepartment of Urology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0001-9330-2638
Yi-Huei ChangDepartment of Urology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.ORCID 0009-0006-6673-1297
Po-Jen HsiaoDepartment of Urology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-0989-7876
Chi-Shun LienDepartment of Urology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0001-8963-5974
Laing-You WuDepartment of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.ORCID 0009-0009-1369-7437
Ming-Ju WuDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-8585-4392
Jeng-Jer ShiehInstitute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0001-8412-3603
Peir-Haur HungDepartment of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-5963-6981
Hsin-Hua ChenDepartment of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-7304-4587
Chi-Jung ChungDepartment of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0001-9673-2430

Funding

China Medical University CMU112-MF-56Taichung Veterans General Hospital TCVGH-1073601BTaichung Veterans General Hospital TCVGH-1083602BTaichung Veterans General Hospital TCVGH-1123601B
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The benefits of sodium-glucose transport protein 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) use on severe urolithiasis requiring surgery remains unclear. All patients with incident T2D in Taiwan National Health Institution databases (2016-2021) and TriNetX datasets (2014-2023) were retrospectively analyzed. The study analyzed a propensity score-matched pairs with T2D treated with SGLT2i or dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4i). The primary outcome was the incidence of urolithiasis and urolithiasis requiring surgery during the study period. Urolithiasis diagnoses were identified using International Classification of Diseases diagnostic codes and categorized into upper and lower urinary tract stones. Cases of urolithiasis requiring surgery were determined by the presence of both diagnostic codes and surgical procedure codes within the same outpatient visit or hospitalization. Conditional and time-dependent Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). During the study period, 5700 participants were diagnosed with urolithiasis, 1297 participants were urolithiasis requiring surgery in Taiwan NHIRD cohort 8438 participants with urolithiasis as well as 289 participants with urolithiasis requiring surgery were in the TriNetX cohort. Adjusted HRs of urolithiasis and urolithiasis requiring surgery were 0.82-fold (95% CI, 0.77-0.87), 0.72-fold (95% CI, 0.63-0.82) in Taiwan NHIRD, 0.84 (95% CI, 0.78-0.90), and 0.62 (95% CI, 0.44-0.88) in TriNetX cohort respectively. Similar protective associations with SGLT2i use against urolithiasis were observed across subgroups in both datasets from Taiwan NHIRD and TriNetX. In conclusion, SGLT2i might protect against kidney stones and severe cases requiring surgery in T2D patients.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsUrolithiasisAdultAgedDatabases, FactualFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesTaiwanSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID40059622
PMCPMC12087698

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.