Evidence mapPaperPMID 40062098Full record

ReviewCureus2025

A System-Based Review on Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: Benefits vs Risks.

Lynn P Fadel, Gigi Thao, Tanvi Chitre, Edwin D Rojas, Maria Nguyen Fricko, Valerie Domingo, Brigita Budginas, Lorenz Carmelo Guerrero, Maria Ghatas, Niloufar T Arani and 2 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Exploring the Role of GLP-1 Agents in Managing Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Narrative and Systematic Review.Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society
    Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Lynn P FadelDepartment of Biomedical Education, California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clovis, USA.
Gigi ThaoDepartment of Biomedical Education, California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clovis, USA.
Tanvi ChitreDepartment of Biomedical Education, California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clovis, USA.
Edwin D RojasDepartment of Biomedical Education, California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clovis, USA.
Maria Nguyen FrickoDepartment of Biomedical Education, California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clovis, USA.
Valerie DomingoDepartment of Biomedical Education, California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clovis, USA.
Brigita BudginasDepartment of Biomedical Education, Noorda College of Osteopathic Medicine, Provo, USA.
Lorenz Carmelo GuerreroDepartment of Biomedical Education, California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clovis, USA.
Maria GhatasDepartment of Biomedical Education, California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clovis, USA.
Niloufar T AraniDepartment of Biomedical Education, California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clovis, USA.
Niki TabatabaiDepartment of Biomedical Education, California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clovis, USA.
Sudhakar PemminatiDepartment of Biomedical Education, California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clovis, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), an incretin hormone primarily secreted by L-cells in the gut, prompts insulin release, thus reducing blood sugar levels and causing weight loss by inducing feelings of fullness while curbing appetite. GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) mimic its effects, proving highly effective in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and facilitating weight loss. While predominantly approved for T2DM and obesity, GLP-1 RAs also hold promise for treating other conditions like heart and kidney disease, with ongoing research exploring additional therapeutic applications. These agonists exhibit diverse effects within different organ systems, influencing conditions such as psoriasis, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiopulmonary dysfunction. This study aims to comprehensively review the impact of GLP-1 RAs on various body systems, emphasizing both positive and negative effects while addressing existing knowledge gaps in the literature. By enhancing understanding of the diverse effects of GLP-1 RAs, this study aims to contribute to a broader awareness of their therapeutic potential. This systemic review uses Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to ensure a robust and transparent search process, aiming to minimize bias and maximize the retrieval of pertinent studies for review, where past research on GLP-1 RAs' interactions with various bodily systems were analyzed. The hypothesis posits that a systems-based review of GLP-1 RA mechanisms will reveal positive and negative effects across multiple organ systems, providing comprehensive insights into the hormone's physiological impact. This systematic review will assess the appropriateness of GLP-1 RAs in various aforementioned patient health states, shedding light on their potential impacts on comorbidities. With the surge in popularity of GLP-1 RAs for weight loss and diabetes management, this study aims to enhance patient understanding and informed decision-making regarding these medications, countering trends driven by celebrity endorsements and promoting better healthcare outcomes.

Indexed as

endocrinology and diabetesglucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonistspolycystic ovarian diseasetypes 2 diabetesweight loss and obesity

Identifiers

PMID40062098
PMCPMC11888820

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.