Evidence mapPaperPMID 40065638Full record

ArticleJournal of animal science2025

Whole pulse ingredient inclusion in macronutrient-balanced diets increased fecal concentrations of propionic acid but not total bile acids in healthy adult large-breed dogs after 20 weeks.

Pawanpreet Singh, Kelly S Swanson, Jennifer Saunders-Blades, Patricia M Oba, E James Squires, Anna K Shoveller

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Article in Journal of animal science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Pawanpreet SinghDepartment of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, CanadaN1G 2W1.
Kelly S SwansonDepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61820USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5518-3076
Jennifer Saunders-BladesChampion Petfoods Holding Inc., Morinville, Alberta, CanadaT7X 2V9.
Patricia M ObaDepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61820USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2473-1791
E James SquiresDepartment of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, CanadaN1G 2W1.
Anna K ShovellerDepartment of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, CanadaN1G 2W1.ORCID 0000-0002-2584-4774

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of up to 45% inclusion of whole pulse ingredients in grain-free (GF) diets on the excretion of bile acids (BAs) and other fecal metabolites in healthy large-breed dogs. Twenty-eight adult Siberian Huskies were fed 1 of 4 experimental diets formulated to meet the same macronutrient profiles for 20 wk: 1) grain-inclusive diet with 45% corn (Ctl), 2) GF diet with 15% pulses (Pulse15), 3) GF diet with 30% pulses (Pulse30), 4) GF diet with 45% pulses (Pulse45). All diets included chicken meal and pea starch. Fecal samples were collected on weeks 2 and 19. Bile acids were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-MRM/MS technology, while fecal metabolites were analyzed using Agilent HP1000 high-performance liquid chromatography. Bile acids and fecal metabolite data were analyzed using the PROC GLIMMIX procedure in SAS studios (SAS version 9.4, SAS Inst., Inc., Cary, NC). All means were separated using the Tukey-Kramer adjustment (significant when P < 0.05). After 20 wk of feeding, concentrations of lithocholic acid were greater in Pulse15 and Pulse30 than Ctl (P = 0.001), but all were similar to Pulse45. Concentrations of deoxycholic (P = 0.054), lithocholic (P = 0.001), total secondary (P = 0.022), and total BA (P = 0.045) tended to be linearly associated with dietary pulse inclusion. Dogs consuming Pulse30 had greater fecal propionic acid concentrations than Ctl (P = 0.017), but both were similar to Pulse15 and Pulse45. Total branched-chain fatty acids (P = 0.001) and iso-butyric acid (P < 0.0001) were greater in Ctl than in all pulse groups. Inversely, arabinose concentrations were greater in all pulse groups compared to Ctl (P = 0.001). In summary, diets with up to 45% inclusion of whole pulse ingredients do not increase total BA excretion but may contribute to greater short-chain fatty acids production.

Indexed as

Animal FeedBile Acids and SaltsDietFecesNutrientsPropionatesAnimal Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaAnimalsDogsFemaleMaleBile Acids and SaltsNutrientsPropionatespropionic acidbile acidscaninefibergutpulsesstarch

Identifiers

PMID40065638
PMCPMC12019969

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.