Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40069209›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Designing polymersomes with surface-integrated nanoparticles through hierarchical phase separation.

Jingxin Shao, Yingtong Luo, Hanglong Wu, Jianhong Wang, Xuan Zhou, Süleyman Er, Shoupeng Cao, Hongyu Sun, H Hugo Pérez Garza, Hongkui Zheng and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Jingxin Shao *Bio-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-8888-9172
Yingtong Luo *Bio-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Hanglong Wu *Bio-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8042-9952
Jianhong WangBio-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Xuan ZhouDIFFER-Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Süleyman ErDIFFER-Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5005-3894
Shoupeng CaoCollege of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5856-2407
Hongyu SunDENSsolutions B.V., Delft, The Netherlands.
H Hugo Pérez GarzaDENSsolutions B.V., Delft, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5597-7914
Hongkui ZhengDENSsolutions B.V., Delft, The Netherlands.
Heiner FriedrichDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Center for Multiscale Electron Microscopy (CMEM), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4582-0064
Loai K E A AbdelmohsenBio-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. l.k.e.a.abdelmohsen@tue.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0094-1893
Jan C M van HestBio-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. j.c.m.v.hest@tue.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7973-2404

Funding

EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020) Marie Sklodowska-Curie Innovative Training Network (ITN) Nanomed (No. 676137)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Polymersomes with surface-integrated nanoparticles, in which a smaller sphere is attached to a larger capsule, are typically formed through complex processes like membrane deformation, polymerization, or membrane functionalization. This complexity restricts facile application of this unusual topology, for example in drug delivery or nanomotor science. Our study introduces a robust method for crafting polymersomes with surface-integrated nanoparticles using a hierarchical phase separation approach. By co-assembling block copolymers with aromatic aggregation-induced emission (AIE) moieties as side chains and photothermal-responsive guest molecules (PTM), spontaneous sequential phase separation processes occur that lead to their controlled formation. Polymer-rich liquid droplets form first, followed by internal phase separation of the guest molecules, which determines the formation of asymmetric morphology. This mechanism is elucidated in detail using liquid-phase transmission and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (LP-TEM and cryo-TEM) and corroborated by theoretical simulations of the interaction forces between the block copolymers and guest molecules. Finally, the application potential of polymersomes with surface-integrated nanoparticles as nanomotors is demonstrated.

Identifiers

PMID40069209
PMCPMC11897236

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.