Evidence mapPaperPMID 40069609Full record

ArticleBMC pediatrics2025

Sex differences in the relationship between body mass index in Chinese adolescents and future risk of hypertension: a decade-long cohort study.

Rongtian Liu, Haofei Hu, Changchun Cao, Yong Han, Yuxin Bai, Wei Feng

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Rongtian LiuDepartment of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518035, China.
Haofei HuDepartment of Nephrology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518035, China.
Changchun CaoDepartment of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518035, China.
Yong HanDepartment of Emergency, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518035, China. Hanyong511023@163.com.
Yuxin BaiDepartment of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518035, China. baiyuxin0471@163.com.
Wei FengDepartment of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518035, China. Lianai_119@163.com.

Funding

Shenzhen Second People's Hospital Clinical Research Fund of Shenzhen High-level Hospital Construction Project 20243357013 and 20243357011.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) during adolescence and the future risk of developing hypertension, with a particular focus on potential sex differences.

methodsThis study was a secondary analysis based on a cohort study involving 2,020 adolescents aged 10-15 years who underwent health check-ups at the MJ Health Screening Center between 1999 and 2008. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the association between BMI and hypertension risk, with stratification by gender. Cox proportional hazards regression with cubic spline functions was employed to explore potential nonlinear relationships, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to ensure robustness.

resultsThe multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model showed a significant positive association between BMI and hypertension risk in the overall adolescent population and particularly in males, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.204 (95% CI: 1.038-1.396) and 1.181 (95% CI: 1.013-1.377), respectively. In females, a nonlinear relationship with a threshold effect was identified, with an inflection point at a BMI of 24.11 kg/m². Beyond this threshold, each 1 kg/m² increase in BMI was associated with a 3.491-fold higher risk of hypertension (HR = 4.491, 95% CI: 1.185-17.020).

conclusionAmong Chinese adolescent males, there was a positive dose-response relationship between BMI and future hypertension risk. In adolescent females, a specific nonlinear association with a threshold effect (inflection point: 24.11 kg/m²) was observed. Maintaining a BMI below 24.11 kg/m² in adolescent females may reduce their future risk of developing hypertension.

Indexed as

Body Mass IndexHypertensionAdolescentChildChinaCohort StudiesEast Asian PeopleFemaleHumansMaleProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsSex FactorsHypertensionMetabolic syndromeNonlinear associationObesitySmooth curve fitting

Identifiers

PMID40069609
PMCPMC11900636

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.