Evidence mapPaperPMID 40072255Full record

ArticleHealth expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy2025

Enablers and Barriers to an Experience-Based Co-Design Process to Develop Service Improvements in Enhanced Community Care in Ireland: A Qualitative Study.

Fay O'Donoghue, Máire T O'Donnell, Tomás P Griffin, Eileen Fahy, Elaine Newell, Ann-Marie Creaven

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Better Healthcare Together: Co-Designing a Framework for Health Service Co-Design.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Fay O'DonoghueDepartment of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0003-0023-6155
Máire T O'DonnellSchool of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0001-5861-7263
Tomás P GriffinSchool of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0003-1625-9394
Eileen FahyCommunity Healthcare West, HSE, Galway, Ireland.
Elaine NewellCommunity Healthcare West, HSE, Galway, Ireland.
Ann-Marie CreavenDepartment of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0002-2467-307X

Funding

This research was funded by the ECC programme in Community Healthcare West and Saolta.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundExperience-Based Co-Design (EBCD) is a popular collaborative process where service users and healthcare providers share their experiences of using and delivering services to identify ways to adapt services to enhance those experiences.

objectiveThis study aimed to identify enablers and barriers to the successful implementation of EBCD as part of Ireland's recently adopted Enhanced Community Care (ECC) programme.

designService users and staff at two sites (N = 17) participated in an accelerated EBCD process designed to enhance service provision for older people and those living with chronic conditions. This included four co-design working group sessions per site.

methodsTranscripts from the co-design working groups and from brief follow-up interviews with individual participants were analysed. Thematic analysis was used to identify enablers and barriers to the EBCD process.

resultsWe generated six key themes reflecting barriers and enablers; enablers were the fundamental role of the facilitator (Theme 1), a flexible approach that met group members' needs (Theme 2) and active and interactive activities to support participant engagement (Theme 3). The fundamental role of the facilitator was also identified as a barrier (Theme 4); additional barriers included balancing experience-sharing and decompressing (Theme 5) and the scope of the group as an invisible barrier (Theme 6), which reflected challenges in facilitating dialogue about change when participants were aware of system-level constraints on the potential for change.

conclusionsThe facilitator is critical in ensuring the successful implementation of the EBCD process. Considering how best to draw on the facilitator strengths while also ensuring that the service user perspectives are equally weighted with staff perspectives is important for effective communication within EBCD projects. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: Service users (also including carers) at two sites participated in EBCD projects alongside health and social care professionals, ultimately generating two service improvements for the ECC programme. The participation of these service users was celebrated at an academic conference, which was attended by a number of service users, and where the outcomes of the EBCD project were presented.

Indexed as

Community Health ServicesQuality ImprovementAgedChronic DiseaseFemaleHumansInterviews as TopicIrelandMaleQualitative ResearchEnhanced Community Careexperience‐based co‐designhealthcareintegrated carepatient experiencequalitativeservice user

Identifiers

PMID40072255
PMCPMC11898217

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.