Evidence mapPaperPMID 40074758Full record

ArticleThe pharmacogenomics journal2025

A feasibility study on implementing pre-emptive pharmacogenomics testing in outpatient clinics in Singapore (IMPT study).

Fiona Fj Ng, Rashmi Verma, Levana Sani, Astrid Irwanto, Michael Lee, Angeline Wee, Shih Kiat Chng, Melvyn Wong, Alexandre Chan

Registry-linked trialAbstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in The pharmacogenomics journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05504135 (Implementation of Pre-emptive Pharmacogenomics Testing in Singapore-based Private Hospital Institutions), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05504135 completednot on this map

Implementation of Pre-emptive Pharmacogenomics Testing in Singapore-based Private Hospital Institutions (IMPT Study)

TypeobservationalSponsorNalagenetics Pte LtdRan2022 to 2024Enrolled222ConditionsPre-emptive PharmacogenomicsArmsPharmacogenomics Testing
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Fiona Fj NgNalaGenetics Pte Ltd (NalaGenetics), Singapore, Singapore.
Rashmi VermaNalaGenetics Pte Ltd (NalaGenetics), Singapore, Singapore.
Levana SaniNalaGenetics Pte Ltd (NalaGenetics), Singapore, Singapore.
Astrid IrwantoNalaGenetics Pte Ltd (NalaGenetics), Singapore, Singapore.
Michael LeeRaffles Medical Group, Singapore, Singapore.
Angeline WeeRaffles Medical Group, Singapore, Singapore.
Shih Kiat ChngRaffles Medical Group, Singapore, Singapore.
Melvyn WongRaffles Medical Group, Singapore, Singapore.
Alexandre ChanSchool of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, USA. a.chan@uci.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In view of the limited data related to preemptive pharmacogenomics (PGx) testing in the primary care setting, we designed a study to assess the feasibility of implementing preemptive PGx services at outpatient clinics, with the aim to assess the practicality and challenges of implementing preemptive PGx testing within primary care, and its impact on clinical workflows and patient care. This prospective study was conducted between October 2022 and August 2023 at five outpatient clinics located in Singapore. Patients aged 21 to 65 with a reported history or risk of developing any of the target chronic conditions or any patients receiving one of the 29 PGx-associated medications were recruited. Patients' buccal samples were processed using a multi-gene qPCR-based panel of 21 allele variants of five pharmacogenes. Surveys were administered to study participants and clinicians to assess their perceptions and outcomes related to PGx testing. Among the 222 patients, 95% had at least one clinically actionable variant. Of these patients, 113 reported taking at least one of the 29 studied drugs, with 21.2% of them receiving at least one clinically actionable recommendation based on their PGx results. A total of 150 patients (67.6%) participated in the post-test follow-up survey. Among them, 70% expressed feeling relieved and happy upon receiving their test reports and reported increased confidence in taking their prescribed medication. Furthermore, clinicians identified the necessity for clearer legal regulations regarding PGx testing and insurance coverage to enhance future adoption of PGx testing. Given a high prevalence of clinically actionable variants in almost all tested patients, this study underscores the feasibility and clinical benefits of preemptive PGx testing in primary care clinics in Singapore.Clinical Trial Registration: This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT05504135, with the registration date of August 17, 2022.

Indexed as

Ambulatory Care FacilitiesPharmacogenomic TestingAdultAgedFeasibility StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrimary Health CareProspective StudiesSingaporeYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID40074758
PMCPMC11903297

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.