ArticleBMC infectious diseases2025
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in people living with HIV and its multi-organ damage: a prospective cohort study.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ongoing lymphoid HIV production drives pyroptosis and GLP-1 counter-regulation in ART-suppressed infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Prevalence of metabolic diseases in patients infected with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman.IJID regions · 2025Article
- Metabolic Health Consequences of Switching to the Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide and Dolutegravir Plus Lamivudine Regimens in Virologically Suppressed People Living with HIV Aged > 40 Years: A Retrospective Real-World Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Pathogenesis of HIV-Associated Metabolic Syndrome and Clinical Management Recommendations.International journal of general medicine · 2025Review
- Low-Level Viremia as an Independent Risk Factor for Metabolic Syndrome in People Living with HIV Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy: A 6-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Association Between High Serum Alanine Aminotransferase to High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio and Metabolic Syndrome among People Living with HIV on Dolutegravir-Based ART in South-Western Uganda.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
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13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionWith the global scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and improved life expectancy, people living with HIV (PLWH) increasingly face non-infectious comorbidities, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the most prevalent. MetS is associated with unfavorable health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. However, data on the prevalence and risk factors of MetS among treatment-naïve PLWH in China are limited. The aim was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of MetS and to understand its association with multi-organ damage.
methodsData on sociodemographic, physical, and clinical characteristics were collected from a completed multicenter, prospective cohort study in China. MetS was diagnosed according to criteria proposed by the China Diabetes Society. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression were applied to identify associated risk factors for MetS. The relationship with organ damage, including kidney, liver, heart, and bone health, were also been assessed.
resultsAmong the 449 participants (median age 30 years; 92.9% male), 16.9% met the criteria for MetS. Patients met MetS criteria in our study presented with low HDL-C concentration (49.8%), hypertriglyceridemia (26.1%), hypertension (23.1%), hyperglycemia (15.4%), and abdominal obesity (8.0%). Risk factors significantly associated with MetS included older age (OR 1.08; 95% CI 1.02-1.15) and alcohol consumption (OR 3.63; 95% CI 1.13-11.67). PLWH with MetS exhibited higher level of organ involvement, including reduced kidney function, elevated liver enzymes, and increased risks for cardiovascular events. Among them, 162 participants (36.0%) were classified as being at moderate or high risk using pooled cohort equations (PCEs). It is worth noting that in the MetS group, the dropped bone mineral density (BMD) in the spine decreased more significantly than that of the non-MetS group (P = 0.007).
conclusionThe incidence of MetS in ART-naïve PLWH in China is relatively high. Older age and alcohol consumption are associated with higher risk of MetS. Multiple organ damage may occur accompanied with MetS. Early identification and intervention are critical in managing MetS in PLWH.
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