Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40075540›Full record

ArticlePaediatric and perinatal epidemiology2025

Perinatal Health and Healthcare Utilisation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide Interrupted Time Series Analysis.

Deborah Karasek, Daniel F Collin, Rita Hamad, Kaitlyn Jackson, Alison Gemmill

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Deborah KarasekSchool of Public Health at Oregon Health & Science University and Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Daniel F CollinDepartment of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Rita HamadDepartment of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0730-4077
Kaitlyn JacksonDepartment of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Alison GemmillDepartment of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5879-9730

Funding

Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUL1TR001872 · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · 2025 to 2025
$8.5M
UCSF-KAISER Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women's Health ProgramK12HD052163 · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN FRANCISCO · 2005 to 2005
$487k
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of HealthNational Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the Office of Research on Women's Health, National Institutes of HealthNCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001872NICHD NIH HHS K12 HD052163
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPerinatal health was profoundly affected as a result of the socioeconomic hardships and public health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. Few studies have evaluated changes and disparities in perinatal health using population-based data and rigorous methods.

objectiveTo examine changes related to the COVID-19 pandemic in perinatal health and healthcare utilisation.

methodsUsing population-based data from the 2016-2021 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (N = 116,170), we employed a Bayesian structural time-series approach to examine deviations in perinatal health and healthcare utilisation outcomes from predicted trends following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, adjusting for covariates.

resultsThe onset of the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with delayed prenatal care initiation (1.1%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.2, 2.0), reduced prenatal care (-2.8%, 95% CI -3.6, -1.7), reduced postpartum visits (-1.0%, 95% CI -1.5, -0.4), and increased gestational hypertension (11.1%, 95% CI 5.4, 16.7), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), (17.6%, 95% CI 10.1, 26.2), and prenatal depression (7.3%, 95% CI 1.9, 13.0). Stratified models showed that Black participants experienced earlier prenatal care initiation; Native American participants experienced lower prenatal care visits and greater increases in gestational hypertension and GDM; Asian/Pacific Islander participants experienced delayed prenatal care initiation and heightened prenatal depression and postnatal depressive symptoms; and Hispanic participants experienced higher GWG and reduced postpartum visits.

conclusionsAs perinatal health imparts enduring impacts for pregnant people and infants, this study provides insight into the pandemic's potentially long-lasting population health effects. Future work should examine longer-term trends and how pandemic-related policies contributed to disparate impacts.

Indexed as

COVID-19Patient Acceptance of Health CarePerinatal CarePregnancy ComplicationsPrenatal CareAdultFemaleHumansInterrupted Time Series AnalysisPandemicsPregnancySARS-CoV-2United StatesBayesian structural time‐seriesCOVID‐19 pandemichealth care utilisationperinatal health

Identifiers

PMID40075540
PMCPMC12121338

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.