Evidence mapPaperPMID 40076403Full record

ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2025

The Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Potential Applications of Bilosomes as Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery.

Darko Mitrović, Dragana Zaklan, Maja Đanić, Bojan Stanimirov, Karmen Stankov, Hani Al-Salami, Nebojša Pavlović

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Bile acids as therapeutic agents.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Darko MitrovićDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.ORCID 0009-0000-4588-5170
Dragana ZaklanDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Maja ĐanićDepartment of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0002-7785-0666
Bojan StanimirovDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0002-0708-3182
Karmen StankovDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0002-3888-3473
Hani Al-SalamiThe Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0049-6969
Nebojša PavlovićDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0002-9444-5830

Funding

Provincial Secretariat for Higher Education and Science, Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia 003087686 2024 09418 003 000 000 001/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nano-drug delivery systems provide targeted solutions for addressing various drug delivery challenges, leveraging nanotechnology to enhance drug solubility and permeability. Liposomes, explored for several decades, face hurdles, especially in oral delivery. Bile-acid stabilized vesicles (bilosomes) are flexible lipid vesicles, composed of phospholipids or other surfactants, along with amphiphilic bile salts, and they show superior stability and pharmacokinetic behavior in comparison to conventional vesicular systems (liposomes and niosomes). Bilosomes enhance skin penetration, fluidize the stratum corneum, and improve drug stability. In oral applications, bilosomes overcome drawbacks, offering improved bioavailability, controlled release, and reduced side effects. Vaccines using bilosomes demonstrate efficacy, and bilosomes for intranasal, inhalation, ocular, and buccal applications enhance drug delivery, offering targeted, efficient, and controlled activities. Formulations vary based on active substances and optimization techniques, showcasing the versatility and potential of bilosomes across diverse drug delivery routes. Therefore, the aim of this comprehensive review was to critically explore the state-of-the-art of bilosomes in drug delivery and potential therapeutic applications.

Indexed as

Bile Acids and SaltsDrug CarriersDrug Delivery SystemsLiposomesNanoparticle Drug Delivery SystemNanoparticlesAnimalsHumansBile Acids and SaltsDrug CarriersLiposomesNanoparticle Drug Delivery Systembile acidsbilosomesbioavailabilitylipid vesiclesliposomesnanotechnology

Identifiers

PMID40076403
PMCPMC11901966

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.