ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2025
Pruritus in Chronic Cholestatic Liver Diseases, Especially in Primary Biliary Cholangitis: A Narrative Review.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Scratching the Surface: Lipidomic Profiling of the Stratum Corneum in the Search for Pruritogens in Cholestatic Liver Diseases.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Osteoporosis in primary biliary cholangitis: from cholestasis to fracture prevention.Clinical and experimental hepatology · 2026Review
- Linerixibat reduces cholestatic pruritus in patients with primary biliary cholangitis.Translational gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Article
- An itch finally addressed: linerixibat and the promise of targeted antipruritic therapy in primary biliary cholangitis.Translational gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Article
- Liver Innervation in Health and Disease: Neuroimmune-Neurovascular Interface and Future Therapeutic Implications.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- The Personalized Management of Primary Biliary Cholangitis in the Era of Precision Medicine: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Patients with chronic cholestatic liver diseases often experience itch and struggle with this symptom. We discuss the mechanism of itch in patients with chronic cholestatic liver diseases, such as primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and others, and their therapies, including ileal bile acid transporter (IBAT) inhibitors. In patients with PBC, there are high serum/plasma concentrations of multiple factors, including bile salts, bilirubin, endogenous opioids, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), autotaxin, and histamine. Bile salts, bilirubin, LPA, and autotaxin affect itch mediators in the skin and sensory nerves, while the endogenous opioid balance affects mediators in the spinal cord. Itch is sensitized by both the peripheral and central nervous systems. Both mechanisms are involved in itch in patients with chronic cholestatic liver disease. Although IBAT inhibitors have been approved for use in pediatric cholestatic conditions, such as progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis and Alagille syndrome, IBAT inhibition seems to be a promising treatment for chronic refractory itch in patients with PBC. A traditional non-systematic review results in this narrative review. Multidisciplinary cooperation, involving hepatologists, dermatologists, and pharmacists, could provide better treatment for PBC patients suffering from refractory itch. In conclusion, we summarized the existing knowledge on itch caused by chronic cholestatic liver diseases, especially in PBC with a focus on the mechanisms and therapies. This narrative review provides the mechanisms and therapeutic options for itch in patients with chronic cholestatic liver diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.