Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40076550›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

Hesperetin-Enhanced Metformin to Alleviate Cognitive Impairment via Gut-Brain Axis in Type 2 Diabetes Rats.

Danyang Zhang, Xiaoshi He, Yinbo Wang, Xiaoyu Wang, Xiao Han, Haodong Liu, Yan Xing, Bo Jiang, Zhilong Xiu, Yongming Bao and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Danyang ZhangMOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
Xiaoshi HeMOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
Yinbo WangDianxi Research Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Baoshan 678000, China.
Xiaoyu WangMOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
Xiao HanMOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
Haodong LiuMOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
Yan XingMOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.ORCID 0000-0002-9659-3079
Bo JiangMOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
Zhilong XiuMOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
Yongming BaoMOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0866-8630
Yuesheng DongMOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5010-6426

Funding

Academician (Expert) Workstation Construction Project of Yunnan Province 202205AF15007Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province H2020206616Yunnan Talent Support Plan for Industrial Innovation Talents, Major Science and Technology Projects in Yunnan Province 202202AE090075
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diabetes constitutes a risk factor for cognitive impairment, whereas insulin resistance serves as the shared pathogenesis underlying both diabetes and cognitive decline. The use of metformin for treating cognitive impairment remains controversial. The present study found that hesperetin, a flavanone derived from citrus peel, enhanced metformin's efficacy in reducing blood sugar levels, improving insulin sensitivity, and ameliorating cognitive impairment in diabetic rats. Additionally, it reduced the required dosage of metformin to one-third of its conventional dose. Transcriptome analysis and 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that the activation of insulin and cyclic-adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathways benefited from the regulation of gut microbiota and the promotion of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producers such as

Indexed as

BrainCognitive DysfunctionDiabetes Mellitus, ExperimentalDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2HesperidinMetforminAnimalsBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorGastrointestinal MicrobiomeHypoglycemic AgentsMaleRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorhesperetinHesperidinHypoglycemic AgentsMetformincentral insulin resistancediabetic cognitive impairmentgut microbiotahesperetinmetforminSCFAs

Identifiers

PMID40076550
PMCPMC11900253

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.