Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40088042›Full record

ArticleMultiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)2025

Copy number variation at the complement C4 locus is associated with risk for multiple sclerosis.

Jacqueline Williams, Wesley M Marin, Kristen J Wade, Rayo Suseno, Kerry Kizer, Stacy Caillier, Danillo G Augusto, Paul J Norman, Jill A Hollenbach

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jacqueline WilliamsDepartment of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5978-5672
Wesley M MarinDepartment of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Kristen J WadeDepartment of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Rayo SusenoDepartment of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Kerry KizerDepartment of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Stacy CaillierDepartment of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Danillo G AugustoDepartment of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Paul J NormanDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Jill A HollenbachDepartment of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6572-7962

Funding

The landscape of HLA mediated variation in health and immunityR01AI158861 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI HOLLENBACH, JILL ALLISON · 2021 to 2025
$3.5M
Role of Natural Killer Cell Diversity in Multiple Sclerosis Risk and Disease CourseR01AI169070 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI JILL Allison HOLLENBACH, Paul John Norman · 2022 to 2026
$3.0M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI158861NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI169070
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe complement system has been suspected to play a role in multiple sclerosis (MS) due to presence of complement activation products in MS lesions.

objectiveWe sought to understand whether variation in the complement component 4 (C4) gene is associated with MS.

methodsHere we used next-generation sequencing and our novel bioinformatics tool,

resultsWe found higher overall copy number of C4 in controls (

conclusionThis finding suggests that lower C4 copies confer risk for MS, similar to associations seen in other autoimmune disorders.

Indexed as

Complement C4DNA Copy Number VariationsGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseMultiple SclerosisAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedComplement C4C4Complement componentimmunogeneticsmultiple sclerosis

Identifiers

PMID40088042
PMCPMC12353292

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.