Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40089579›Full record

ArticleJournal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association2025

Are racial and ethnic disparities in brachial plexus birth injuries explained by known risk factors?

M Claire Manske, Machelle D Wilson, Barton L Wise, Herman L Hedriana, Joy Melnikow, Daniel J Tancredi

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

M Claire ManskeAssociate Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA. mmanske@ucdavis.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3992-2806
Machelle D WilsonPrincipal Biostatistician, Clinical and Translational Science Center, Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Barton L WiseProfessor, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6540-6031
Herman L HedrianaProfessor and Chief, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Joy MelnikowProfessor Emeritus, Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Daniel J TancrediProfessor in Residence, Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3884-7907

Funding

UC Davis Clinical and Translational Science CenterUL1TR001860 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI KENYON, NICHOLAS J., LYLES, COURTNEY REES · 2016 to 2025
$47.3M
Institutional Career Development Core (KL2)KL2TR001859 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI HOLMES, JAMES F. · 2016 to 2025
$10.1M
NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR001859NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001860
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate the association of maternal race/ethnicity with risk factors for brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) and quantify the proportion of excess BPBI risk due to these factors. STUDY

designThis retrospective cohort study of all livebirths occurring in California-licensed hospitals from 1996-2012 included 6,278,562 maternal-livebirth infant pairs with 7762 BPBI diagnoses. Multiple logistic regression and causal mediation analyses were used to evaluate the relationship of race/ethnicity and BPBI risk factors.

resultsBlack and Hispanic birthing-individuals were at increased risk of obesity, diabetes, and limited prenatal care utilization but decreased risk of many BPBI risk factors (shoulder dystocia, macrosomia, prolonged second stage of labor, and vaginal delivery).

conclusionsBlack and Hispanic birthing-individuals were at lower risk of many strongly associated risk factors for BPBI, and these factors mediate only a small proportion of their excess BPBI risk, underscoring the importance of identifying alternative risk factors, especially drivers of demographic disparities.

Indexed as

Birth InjuriesBrachial PlexusHealth Status DisparitiesAdultBlack or African AmericanCaliforniaFemaleFetal MacrosomiaHispanic or LatinoHumansInfant, NewbornLogistic ModelsPregnancyPrenatal CareRetrospective StudiesRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID40089579
PMCPMC12263424

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.