ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Advancements in the conservation of the conformational epitope of membrane protein immunogens.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Optimization and production of a GLP-grade recombinant Sm29 vaccine against schistosomiasis: From expression to preclinical assessment.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- From Phage Display to Yeast Secretion: Developing Fc-Fused Nanobodies Against Influenza Virus.Cells · 2026Article
- Advances in Therapeutic Antibody Discovery and Development Targeting G Protein-Coupled Receptors.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2026Review
- Research Advances in Bionic Cell Membrane-Mediated Nanodrug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Periodontitis with Osteoporosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Advancing Cancer Immunotherapy: Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cell Engineering through Novel Screening Methods.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Advances in Food Processing Techniques for Allergenicity Reduction and Allergen Identification.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Non-human leukocyte antigen antibodies in kidney transplantation: pathogenic mechanisms, detection methods, and clinical implications.Clinical transplantation and research · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Generating antibodies targeting native membrane proteins presents various challenges because these proteins are often embedded in the lipid bilayer, possess various extracellular and intracellular domains, and undergo post-translational modifications. These properties of MPs make it challenging to preserve their stable native conformations for immunization or antibody generation outside of the membranes. In addition, MPs are often hydrophobic due to their membrane-spanning regions, making them difficult to solubilize and purify in their native form. Therefore, employing purified MPs for immunogen preparation may result in denaturation or the loss of native structure, rendering them inadequate for producing antibodies recognizing native conformations. Despite these obstacles, various new approaches have emerged to address these problems. We outline recent advancements in designing and preparing immunogens to produce antibodies targeting MPs. Strategies outlined here are relevant for producing antibodies for research, diagnostics, and therapies and designing immunogens for vaccination purposes.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.