Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40097549›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Association between long-term exercise with different osteogenic index, dietary patterns, body composition, biological factors, and bone mineral density in female elite masters athletes.

Anna Kopiczko, Jakub Bałdyka, Jakub Grzegorz Adamczyk, Monika Nyrć, Karol Gryko

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Anna KopiczkoDepartment of Human Biology, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Marymoncka 34 St., 00-968, Warsaw, Poland. anna.kopiczko@awf.edu.pl.
Jakub BałdykaDepartment of Theory of Sport, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Marymoncka 34 St., 00-968, Warsaw, Poland.
Jakub Grzegorz AdamczykDepartment of Theory of Sport, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Marymoncka 34 St., 00-968, Warsaw, Poland.
Monika NyrćDepartment of Human Biology, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Marymoncka 34 St., 00-968, Warsaw, Poland.
Karol GrykoDepartment of Sport Games, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Marymoncka 34 St., 00-968, Warsaw, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study evaluated the association between long-term exercise with different osteogenic index, dietary patterns, body composition, biological factors, and bone mineral density (BMD) in 199 female elite masters athletes endurance athletes (EA), speed-power athletes (SPA), and throwing athletes (TA). Bone parameters in the distal (dis) and proximal (prox) parts of the forearm were measured by densitometry. Body compositions were analyzed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Biological factors and lifetime bone fracture status were rated via face-to-face interviews. Dietary patterns and usual dietary intake were assessed using a semiquantitative NHANES Food Frequency Questionnaire. In female elite masters athletes the main parameters affecting BMD dis were age at menopause (small effect: η² = 0.03), number of fractures (small effect: η² = 0.05), number of dairy products per day (small effect: η² = 0.05), type of dietary pattern (small effect: η² = 0.04) and sport competition, type by OI (small effect: η² = 0.03). BMD prox was affected by age at menarche (medium effect: η² = 0.096), age at menopause (large effect: η² = 0.12), past fractures (small effect: η² = 0.02), dairy product (large effect: η² = 0.13), type of dietary pattern (small effect: η² = 0.04) and sports competition (medium effect: η² = 0.06). In both groups of women, EA and SPA dietary pattern with high intake of fruit, vegetables, dairy products, whole grains, poultry, fish, nuts, and legumes had a greater mean BMD. In contrast, in the TA group dietary pattern with lactose-free, and gluten-free determined higher mean BMD. Late menarche determined higher mean BMD in all groups of women, especially in TA. Physical activity helps maintain bone mineralization during aging. The long-term effects of athletic training, especially exercises such as throwing, have been confirmed in these studies. It is therefore worth considering popularizing these exercises for healthy aging.

Indexed as

AthletesBody CompositionBone DensityDietExerciseOsteogenesisAdultFemaleHumansMiddle AgedAge at menarcheAge at menopauseBone mineralizationDietary patternMaster athletesOsteogenic index

Identifiers

PMID40097549
PMCPMC11914273

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.