Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40097845›Full record

ArticleJournal of gastroenterology2025

Low HDL cholesterol levels in women and hypertriglyceridemia in men: predictors of MASLD onset in individuals without steatosis.

Tsubasa Tsutsumi, Takumi Kawaguchi, Hideki Fujii, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yuichiro Suzuki, Koji Sawada, Miwa Tatsuta, Tatsuji Maeshiro, Hiroshi Tobita, Takemi Akahane and 24 more

Abstract read
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Article in Journal of gastroenterology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

34 authors.

Tsubasa TsutsumiDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. tsubasa@uchicagomedicine.org.ORCID 0000-0001-6571-9874
Takumi KawaguchiDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
Hideki FujiiDepartment of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3, Asahimachi, Abeno, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.
Yoshihiro KamadaDepartment of Advanced Metabolic Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Yuichiro SuzukiFirst Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110, Shimokato, Chuo-Shi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan.
Koji SawadaDivision of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1, Midorigaoka Higashi, Asahikawa-City, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan.
Miwa TatsutaDepartment of Gastroenterology, KKR Takamatsu Hospital, 4-18 Tenjinmae, Takamatsu, Kagawa, 760-0018, Japan.
Tatsuji MaeshiroFirst Department of Internal Medicine, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Nakagami, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan.
Hiroshi TobitaDepartment of Hepatology, Shimane University Hospital, 89-1 Enya-Cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan.
Takemi AkahaneDepartment of Gastroenterology, Uda City Hospital, 815 Haibarahagihara, Uda, Nara, 633-0253, Japan.
Chitomi HasebeDepartment of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Asahikawa Hospital, Akebono-1Jo 1Chome 1-1, Asahikawa-City, Hokkaido, 070-0061, Japan.
Miwa KawanakaDepartment of General Internal Medicine 2, Kawasaki Medical School, Kawasaki Medical Center, 2-6-1, Nakayamashimo, Kita, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan.
Takaomi KessokuKanagawa Dental University Yokohama Clinic, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
Yuichiro EguchiLoco Medical General Institute, Mikatsukicho Kanada, Ogi-Shi, Saga, 845-0032, Japan.
Hayashi SyokitaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Northern OKINAWA Medical Center, 1712-3 Umusa, Nago, Okinawa, 905-0006, Japan.
Atsushi NakajimaDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
Tomoari KamadaDepartment of General Internal Medicine 2, Kawasaki Medical School, Kawasaki Medical Center, 2-6-1, Nakayamashimo, Kita, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan.
Hitoshi YoshijiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Uda City Hospital, 815 Haibarahagihara, Uda, Nara, 633-0253, Japan.
Hiroshi SakugawaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Heartlife Hospital, 208, Iju, Nakagusuku, Nakagami, Okinawa, 901-2492, Japan.
Asahiro MorishitaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Oaza Ikenobe Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan.
Tsutomu MasakiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Oaza Ikenobe Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan.
Takumi OhmuraDepartment of Health Care, Asahikawa-Kosei General Hospital, 24-111, 1 Jo-Dori, Asahikawa-City, Hokkaido, 078-8211, Japan.
Toshio WatanabeDepartment of Advanced Metabolic Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Yoshioki YodaJA Yamanashi Koseiren Health Care Center, 1-26, Iida 1, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-0035, Japan.
Nobuyuki EnomotoFirst Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110, Shimokato, Chuo-Shi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan.
Masafumi OnoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Oaza Ikenobe Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan.
Kanako FuyamaData Science Center, Promotion Unit, Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, 060-8648, Japan.
Kazufumi OkadaData Science Center, Promotion Unit, Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, 060-8648, Japan.
Naoki NishimotoData Science Center, Promotion Unit, Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, 060-8648, Japan.
Yoichi M ItoData Science Center, Promotion Unit, Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, 060-8648, Japan.
Hirokazu TakahashiLiver Center, Saga University Hospital, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan.
Michael R CharltonDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Mary E RinellaDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Yoshio SumidaGraduate School of Healthcare Management, International University of Healthcare and Welfare, 4-1-26, Akasaka, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan.

Funding

Kurume University Startup Award for Researchers with Life Events
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIndividuals with metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) have a worse prognosis compared to patients without steatosis, and its prevalence is increasing. However, detailed risk factors based on obesity and sex remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the impact of cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) on the risk of MASLD in individuals without pre-existing SLD.

methodsSLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography. Non-SLD individuals were followed 65,657 person-years. Incidence rates of MASLD were assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Furthermore, independent factors associated with the development of MASLD were identified using Cox regression analysis, stratified by four groups: obese men, non-obese men, obese women, and non-obese women.

resultsThe overall incidence rate of MASLD was 39.3/1,000 person-years. The cumulative incidence was highest in obese men, followed by obese women, non-obese men, and non-obese women. Two or more CMRFs increased the risk of MASLD in all groups. Low HDL cholesterol level was the strongest independent risk factor in both obese and non-obese women and hypertriglyceridemia for both obese and non-obese men. The impact of these CMRFs was stronger in non-obese individuals. (HR [95% CI]: women non-obese 1.9 [1.5-2.4], obese 1.4 [1.1-1.8]; men non-obese 2.3 [1.9-2.9], obese 1.5 [1.2-2.0]).

conclusionsMultiple CMRFs are important to MASLD development, regardless of sex and obesity. In this Japanese cohort, low HDL cholesterol in women and hypertriglyceridemia in men were the most significant risk factors, especially among the non-obese group. These findings suggest that sex-specific CMRFs may play a role in the development of MASLD.

Indexed as

Cholesterol, HDLFatty LiverHypertriglyceridemiaAdultAgedCardiometabolic Risk FactorsFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedObesityRisk FactorsSex FactorsUltrasonographyCholesterol, HDLCardiometabolic risk factorsHypertriglyceridemiaLow HDL cholesterol levelsMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)Steatotic liver disease

Identifiers

PMID40097845

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.