Evidence mapPaperPMID 40099253Full record

ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2025

Longitudinal assessment of changes in muscle composition using proton density fat fraction and T2* in patients with and without incidental vertebral compression fractures.

Yannick Stohldreier, Yannik Leonhardt, Jannik Ketschau, Florian T Gassert, Marcus R Makowski, Jan S Kirschke, Georg C Feuerriegel, Philipp Braun, Benedikt J Schwaiger, Dimitrios C Karampinos and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Yannick StohldreierDepartment of Neuroradiology, Ludwig Maximilians University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany.
Yannik LeonhardtDepartment of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Jannik KetschauDepartment of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Florian T GassertDepartment of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Marcus R MakowskiDepartment of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Jan S KirschkeDepartment of Neuroradiology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Georg C FeuerriegelDepartment of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Philipp BraunDepartment of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Benedikt J SchwaigerDepartment of Neuroradiology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Dimitrios C KarampinosDepartment of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Nina Hesse *Department of Radiology, Ludwig Maximilians University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany.
Alexandra S Gersing *Department of Neuroradiology, Ludwig Maximilians University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: Chemical shift encoded-based water-fat separation magnetic resonance imaging (CSE-MRI) is an emerging noninvasive tool for the assessment of bone and muscle composition. This study aims to examine both the predictive value and the longitudinal change of proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and T2* in the paraspinal muscles (PSM) in patients with and without the development of an incidental vertebral compression fracture (VCFs) after 6 months of follow-up. Methods: Patients (N=56) with CT and 3T CSE-MRI of the lumbar spine at baseline and CSE-MRI at 6 months follow-up were included in this retrospective study. Patients who, on average, developed an incidental VCF one year after baseline MRI (VCF: N=14, 9 males, 66.8 ± 7.9 years) were frequency matched by age and sex to patients without VCFs (non-VCF) at baseline and follow-up (non-VCF: N=42, 27 males, 64.6 ± 13.3 years). Mean PDFF, T2*, and cross-sectional area (CSA) values from the autochthonous PSM of the thoracolumbar spine (T11-L4) and opportunistic CT-based bone mineral density (BMD) measurements were obtained for each individual. The associations between baseline measurements, longitudinal changes in PDFF, T2*, CSA of the PSM and the occurrence of VCFs at follow-up were evaluated using linear and logistic multivariable regression models. ROC analyses were used to assess cutoff values for predicting the development of VCFs. Results: No significant difference in PDFF of the PSM was found between the VCF and non-VCF group at baseline (VCF/non-VCF 8.5 ± 13.8% vs. 5.0 ± 4.6%; p=0.53). In multivariable linear regression models adjusted for sex, age and baseline BMD, PDFF values of the PSM increased significantly over 6 months in the VCF group (2.4 ± 2.8% vs. -1.0 ± 2.3%, p<0.001), while T2* values of the PSM showed a significant decrease (p ≤ 0.01). ROC analyses identified a PDFF increase of 0.2% in the PSM as the optimal cutoff value to distinguish between patients with and without VCF (AUC 0.86, 95% CI [0.74-0.98], p<0.001). Conclusion: Longitudinal PDFF-based assessment of the PSM composition may be a useful indicator for the prediction of the development of vertebral compression fractures.

Indexed as

Adipose TissueFractures, CompressionParaspinal MusclesSpinal FracturesAgedBone DensityFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansLongitudinal StudiesLumbar VertebraeMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective Studiesbone mineral densitychemical shift encoded MRIincidental vertebral compression fracturesmagnetic resonance imagingmuscleproton density fat fractionspine

Identifiers

PMID40099253
PMCPMC11911184

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.