Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40102466›Full record

ArticleNPJ biofilms and microbiomes2025

Baohuoside I targets SaeR as an antivirulence strategy to disrupt MRSA biofilm formation and pathogenicity.

Yueshan Xu, Li Wang, Dongbin Guo, Yueying Wang, Xinyao Liu, Yun Sun, Rong Wang, Luanbiao Sun, Peitong Jiang, Quan Liu and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ biofilms and microbiomes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Cucurbitacin B mitigatesJournal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2026
    Article
  4. Antimicrobial efficacy ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Frontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Yueshan Xu *Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
Li Wang *Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
Dongbin GuoIntegrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
Yueying WangIntegrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
Xinyao LiuIntegrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
Yun SunIntegrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
Rong WangIntegrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
Luanbiao SunChina-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Peitong JiangCollege of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
Quan LiuState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Bingmei WangIntegrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China. bingmeiwang1970@163.com.
Ming YanIntegrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China. mingyan.ccucm@outlook.com.
Yicheng ZhaoState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China. yichengzhao@live.cn.

Funding

Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Development Plan YDZJ202401113ZYTSJilin Provincial Science and Technology Development Plan YDZJ202501ZYTS177Jilin Provincial Scientific and Technological Development Program 20240207010CXJilin Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Program 2024069National Natural Science Foundation of China U22A20340the Department of Science and Technology of the Tibet Autonomous Region, China XZ202301ZY0011G
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) represents a critical global health challenge, making the SaeRS two-component system (TCS), a key regulator of S. aureus virulence, an ideal target for novel therapeutic approaches. In this study, virtual screening and thermal shift assays identified Baohuoside I (BI), a flavonol glycoside, as a potent inhibitor of the SaeR response regulator. BI significantly attenuated S. aureus pathogenicity without bactericidal effects, suppressing the expression of key virulence factors, such as hemolysin A (Hla) and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), while modulating immune evasion pathways. Additionally, BI disrupted biofilm formation, promoting the development of porous, less structured biofilms. Biochemical assays, including EMSA, CETSA, fluorescence quenching, and SPR, confirmed strong binding interactions between SaeR and BI. In vivo, BI demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in Galleria mellonella and rat MRSA models. These findings establish BI as a promising lead for nonbactericidal therapies to combat MRSA infections and mitigate resistance.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsBacterial ProteinsBiofilmsGlycosidesMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusStaphylococcal InfectionsAnimalsBacterial ToxinsDisease Models, AnimalExotoxinsGene Expression Regulation, BacterialHemolysin ProteinsLeukocidinsMothsRatsVirulenceAnti-Bacterial AgentsBacterial ProteinsBacterial ToxinsExotoxinsGlycosidesHemolysin ProteinsLeukocidinsPanton-Valentine leukocidinVirulence Factors

Identifiers

PMID40102466
PMCPMC11920273

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.