Evidence mapPaperPMID 40105573Full record

ReviewEinstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil)2025

Cutaneous manifestations of diabetes mellitus: a narrative review.

Maria Carolina Mendes de Oliveira Abate, Priscila Maria Teixeira Aroucha, Diego Vanderlei Medeiros da Nóbrega, Iara Patrícia Moura Rocha, Sofia Duarte Soares, Anita Andrade Reis, Isabella Cristina Paliares, Fernando de Mello Almada Giuffrida, Sergio Atala Dib, André Fernandes Reis and 1 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Maria Carolina Mendes de Oliveira AbateDivision of Endocrinology, Centro de Endocrinologia e Diabetes, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-6641-7813
Priscila Maria Teixeira ArouchaDivision of Endocrinology, Centro de Endocrinologia e Diabetes, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9925-266X
Diego Vanderlei Medeiros da NóbregaDepartment of Dermatology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-8155-0286
Iara Patrícia Moura RochaDivision of Endocrinology, Centro de Endocrinologia e Diabetes, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5443-2293
Sofia Duarte SoaresDivision of Endocrinology, Centro de Endocrinologia e Diabetes, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-5815-5481
Anita Andrade ReisDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-1603-762X
Isabella Cristina PaliaresDivision of Endocrinology, Centro de Endocrinologia e Diabetes, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7500-7560
Fernando de Mello Almada GiuffridaDivision of Endocrinology, Centro de Endocrinologia e Diabetes, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5566-8070
Sergio Atala DibDivision of Endocrinology, Centro de Endocrinologia e Diabetes, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8653-8773
André Fernandes ReisDivision of Endocrinology, Centro de Endocrinologia e Diabetes, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3274-4587
Joao Roberto de SaDivision of Endocrinology, Centro de Endocrinologia e Diabetes, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3115-5606

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a highly prevalent human endocrine disorder. Skin lesions are reported in approximately one-third of all diabetes mellitus patients. The clinical presentation and frequency vary according to the subtype of diabetes mellitus, metabolic control, and clinical course, with certain skin diseases occurring before diagnosing hyperglycemia. In this regard, the correct definition of cutaneous manifestations associated with diabetes mellitus can help define the etiology of hyperglycemia as well as the need to optimize glycemic control. In this narrative review, the most common cutaneous diseases observed in diabetes mellitus are discussed, including pruritus, acanthosis nigricans, necrobiosis lipoidica, bullosis diabeticorum, scleroderma diabeticorum, granuloma annulare, diabetic dermopathy, skin reactions due to device use, diabetic foot ulcers, recurrent cutaneous infections in diabetes mellitus and other dermatoses associated with hyperglycemia. The epidemiology, pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, and treatment of this disease are discussed. Therefore, knowledge and recognition of the most common dermatological lesions in patients with diabetes mellitus are essential for both endocrinologists and primary care physicians.

Indexed as

Diabetes ComplicationsSkin DiseasesAcanthosis NigricansDiagnosis, DifferentialHumansNecrobiosis Lipoidica

Identifiers

PMID40105573
PMCPMC11908747

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.