Evidence mapPaperPMID 40106809Full record

ArticleJournal of medical Internet research2025

Evaluating Perceptions of the CANreduce 2.0 eHealth Intervention for Cannabis Use: Focus Group Study.

Daniel Folch-Sanchez, Maria Pellicer-Roca, María Agustina Sestelo, Paola Zuluaga, Francisco Arias, Pablo Guzmán Cortez, Salma Amechat, Gustavo Gil-Berrozpe, Estefania Lopez Montes, Clara Mercadé and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of medical Internet research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Daniel Folch-Sanchez *Health and Addictions Research Group, Addictions Unit, Psychiatry and Psychology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2664-2955
Maria Pellicer-Roca *Hospital del Mar-Research Institute and Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Neuroscience Research Program, Addiction Research Group (GRAd), Barcelona, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2275-6349
María Agustina SesteloHospital del Mar-Research Institute and Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Neuroscience Research Program, Addiction Research Group (GRAd), Barcelona, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3972-7922
Paola ZuluagaHospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Unidad de Medicina Interna, Badalona, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-0351
Francisco AriasHospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación i+12, Madrid, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0740-9282
Pablo Guzmán CortezHealth and Addictions Research Group, Addictions Unit, Psychiatry and Psychology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6947-6651
Salma AmechatHealth and Addictions Research Group, Addictions Unit, Psychiatry and Psychology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2853-579X
Gustavo Gil-BerrozpeHospital Universitario de Navarra, Navarra, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-9442
Estefania Lopez MontesParc de Salut Mar, Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Adiccions (INAD), Barcelona, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0843-1231
Clara MercadéParc de Salut Mar, Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Adiccions (INAD), Barcelona, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5529-1668
Francina FonsecaParc de Salut Mar, Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Adiccions (INAD), Barcelona, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0779-6545
Laia MiquelHealth and Addictions Research Group, Addictions Unit, Psychiatry and Psychology Service, Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1248-4626
Joan I Mestre-PintóHospital del Mar-Research Institute and Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Neuroscience Research Program, Addiction Research Group (GRAd), Barcelona, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0387-9375

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCannabis is the most widely used illicit drug, and admissions for cannabis use disorders (CUDs) are increasing globally, posing a significant public health challenge. Despite its negative consequences, a substantial proportion of individuals with problematic use do not seek treatment. In recent years, digital health interventions (DHIs) have emerged as accessible and cost-effective solutions, empowering users to manage their health care. CANreduce is one such eHealth intervention that has demonstrated effectiveness in reducing cannabis use (CU); however, its suboptimal adherence rates underscore the need for strategies to enhance user engagement and motivation.

objectiveThis study aims to improve the effectiveness, adherence, and user experience of the Spanish version of CANreduce 2.0 by employing focus groups (FGs) within a user-centered design approach that actively involves both users and professionals.

methodsSeparate FGs were conducted for users and professionals, involving a total of 10 participants. Users were recruited from individuals registered on the CANreduce 2.0 platform and active cannabis users, while professionals comprised addiction specialists familiar with the platform. Each session was held remotely and moderated by 2 interviewers following a semistructured script. Qualitative analysis of the transcripts was performed using MAXQDA software and content analysis methodology to identify key themes related to the acceptability, usability, and utility of CANreduce 2.0.

resultsThe qualitative analysis identified 3 main themes, encompassing 15 subcodes. Within the "motivation and awareness" theme, both users (n=6, mean age 31.8 years, SD 4.1 years) and professionals (n=4, mean age 37.25 years, SD 1.71 years) frequently discussed the importance of "motivation" and "problem awareness" as crucial for the success of CANreduce 2.0. In the "guidance and use" theme, the subcode "complement to face-to-face therapy" was the most emphasized. Professionals supported CANreduce 2.0 as a valuable adjunct to in-person therapy, serving as both an educational and monitoring tool, with no objections raised by either group. Lastly, within the "content and design" theme, "information," "small achievements," and "personalized content" emerged as key areas for improvement, highlighting the need to enhance motivation and adherence through gamification and tailored content.

conclusionsPersonalization, robust motivational strategies, and an engaging, interactive design are essential for the success of DHIs, particularly in addiction treatment. Collaboration among technology developers, health care professionals, and users should be central to the development process, fostering the cocreation of practical and effective solutions that are responsive to the needs of those seeking treatment. This approach ensures that DHIs are not only functional but also widely accepted and impactful. Insights from this study will inform the ongoing refinement of CANreduce 2.0, enhancing its relevance and effectiveness in addressing CU.

Indexed as

Marijuana AbuseTelemedicineAdultFemaleFocus GroupsHumansMaleMiddle Agedaddictioncannabisdigital health interventiondrug use disordereHealthfocus groupsqualitative researchuser-centered designuser-centered intervention

Identifiers

PMID40106809
PMCPMC11966080

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.