Evidence mapPaperPMID 40108104Full record

ArticleDigestive diseases and sciences2025

Impact of Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Agents on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in Patients with Fatty Liver Disease and Diabetes.

Hyo Jung Cho, Eunyoung Lee, Soon Sun Kim, Jae Youn Cheong

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Article in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Lipid‑Lowering Agents and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Calcium Channel Blocker and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hyo Jung ChoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Worldcup-Ro 164, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon, 16499, South Korea.
Eunyoung LeeDepartment of Neurology, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA.
Soon Sun KimDepartment of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Worldcup-Ro 164, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon, 16499, South Korea.
Jae Youn CheongDepartment of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Worldcup-Ro 164, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon, 16499, South Korea. jaeyoun620@aumc.ac.kr.

Funding

National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea RS-2024-00339997the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea HR22C1734, HR21C1003, HI23C0901
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

aimThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of antihypertensives, lipid-lowering agents, and antiplatelet medications on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk in patients with fatty liver disease (FLD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D).

methodUsing data from Korea Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, 212,443 FLD-T2D patients were analyzed through Cox regression, propensity score matching (PSM), and Kaplan-Meier analysis. The analysis considered medication use and its relation to HCC development. Cohort admission day was set as the date of the first oral hypoglycemic prescription.

resultsThe multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that old age, male sex, chronic viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, liver cirrhosis, using a combination of insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents for antidiabetic treatment, and calcium channel blocker (CCB) use were significantly correlated with higher HCC development risk, whereas dyslipidemia and statin, ezetimibe, and fibrate use was correlated with lower HCC risk, in the study cohort of 212,443 patients. Patients who used statins (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.42-0.80, P = 0.001) and fibrates (HR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.22-0.93, P = 0.031) showed a significantly lower risk of HCC development even after PSM. In contrast, CCB use was linked to an elevated HCC risk (HR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.05-1.72, P = 0.019), highlighting the differential impact of various medications on HCC incidence.

conclusionThe use of specific medications, such as statins and fibrates, may offer protective effects against HCC in patients with FLD-T2D, whereas that of CCB may increase the risk. This underscores the importance of tailored medication strategies for the management of chronic conditions.

Indexed as

Antihypertensive AgentsCarcinoma, HepatocellularDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Fatty LiverHypolipidemic AgentsLiver NeoplasmsAgedFemaleHumansHypoglycemic AgentsMaleMiddle AgedRepublic of KoreaRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsAntihypertensive AgentsHypoglycemic AgentsHypolipidemic AgentsCalcium channel blockerDiabetesFatty liver diseaseFibrateHepatocellular carcinomaStatin

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.