Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40108403›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of obesity (2005)2025

The association between metabolically healthy obesity and risk of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Jialin Deng, Lu He, Luokai Zhang, Jiaqi Wang, Qixiang Fu, Rongqi Ding, Yunhao Lv, Yimiao Jiang, Xinhua Xiao, Hong Zhou

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of obesity (2005), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Observational
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Jialin Deng *Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
Lu He *Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
Luokai Zhang *Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
Jiaqi WangDepartment of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
Qixiang FuSchool of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
Rongqi DingDepartment of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
Yunhao LvSchool of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
Yimiao JiangDepartment of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
Xinhua XiaoDepartment of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China. xiaoxinhua139@163.com.
Hong ZhouDepartment of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China. hongzhou@usc.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0002-6460-3420

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This review aimed to explore the association between metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and the risk of depression. Databases (EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library) were searched up to 20 June 2024. Observational studies were included if they compared groups with MHO, metabolically unhealthy nonobesity, and metabolically unhealthy obesity to groups with metabolically healthy nonobesity for the risk of depression. The random-effect model was used to calculate the pooled odds ratios (ORs). Subgroup analyses and meta-regressions were conducted according to age, study design, definition of MHO, BMI cut-off value, depression assessment method, geographic location, ethnicity, development status, and gender to explore the sources of heterogeneity. Three cohorts and 9 cross-sectional studies (N = 1,277,267 participants) were included in this review. Individuals with MHO (OR 1.08 [95% CI 1.04, 1.12], I² = 88.3%), metabolically unhealthy nonobesity (OR 1.15 [95% CI 1.04, 1.28], I² = 99.6%), and metabolically unhealthy obesity (OR 1.30 [95% CI 1.12, 1.51], I² = 99.8%) had an increased risk of depression than individuals with metabolically healthy nonobesity. The association between MHO and risk of depression was stronger in women (OR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.08-1.20) and populations from North America (OR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.01-1.58) and Europe (OR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.07-1.41). Inconsistencies in MHO definitions and BMI cutoff values across studies were important sources of heterogeneity (subgroup analysis: P

Indexed as

DepressionObesity, Metabolically BenignBody Mass IndexFemaleHumansMaleRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID40108403

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.