Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40108502›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2025

Assessment of the factors affecting the clinical outcomes of infection and safety of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 among Egyptian patients.

Amira A Zidan, Ahmed Yousef Jad, Nermine H Zakaria, Hazem M El-Hariri, Maged El-Setouhy

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Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Amira A ZidanDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, El-Beheira Health Affairs, Ministry of Health, Damanhour, Egypt. amira.zidan2yahoo@gmail.com.
Ahmed Yousef JadDepartment of Chest Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. AHMED.JAD@alexmed.edu.eg.
Nermine H ZakariaDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Hazem M El-HaririDepartment of Community Medicine, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
Maged El-SetouhyDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. melsetouhy@jazanu.edu.sa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundUnderstanding the factors that influence clinical outcomes of COVID-19 and the safety of various vaccines is important to inform public health strategies, particularly in diverse communities. This study aimed to assess the factors affecting the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 and vaccination safety among the Egyptian population.

methodsIn a retrospective study, we examined 1597 patients who tested positive for COVID-19. Among them, 1280 patients had received the vaccination, while 317 patients had not. We collected data from medical records, which included clinical characteristics, comorbidities, disease severity, type of vaccination, and adverse hematological effects postvaccination. We calculated the relative risk, odds ratio, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

resultsAmong the 1,597 COVID-19 cases, 74.1% were mild, 24.8% were moderate, and 1.1% were severe. Significant factors for moderate/severe cases included male sex (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.64-0.95), cardiovascular diseases (RR 1.86, 95% CI 1.32-2.64), respiratory diseases (RR 1.40, 95% CI 1.08-1.82), diabetes mellitus (RR 1.41, 95% CI 1.07-1.86), and previous COVID-19 infection (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.02-1.46). Vaccination reduced the severity risk, with BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) showing a significant protective effect (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.62-0.98). Clinical presentations varied, with 97.6% having an oxygen saturation ≥ 92%. Logistic regression indicated that male sex and BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) vaccination were protective factors. Linear regression revealed that the male sex increased hemoglobin and leucocyte counts, whereas BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) decreased leucocyte and platelet counts.

conclusionVaccination, particularly with BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm), significantly reduces COVID-19 severity among Egyptians, despite various clinical presentations and hematological effects. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesSARS-CoV-2AdolescentAdultAgedEgyptFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSeverity of Illness IndexTreatment OutcomeVaccinationCOVID-19 VaccinesAd26.COV2.SAstraZenecaBBIBP-CorV / WIBP-CorV (sinopharm)BNT162b2 mRNA (Pfizer-BioNTech) CoronaVac (Sinovac)ChAdOx1 nCoV-19COVID-19 vaccinesEfficacyGam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik)Inactivated virus vaccinesJohnson & JohnsonMessenger RNA (mRNA)ModernaSafetyViral vector

Identifiers

PMID40108502
PMCPMC11924763

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.