Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40109327›Full record

ArticleOpen medicine (Warsaw, Poland)2025

A comparative analysis of the impact of repeated administration of flavan 3-ol on brown, subcutaneous, and visceral adipose tissue.

Naomi Osakabe, Hitomi Nakamura, Yamato Yoshida, Sae Katsuragawa, Naoki Iida, Yasuyuki Fujii, Ursula M Jacob, Tilman Fritsch, Ali Abdelhameed, Vittorio Calabrese

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In one paragraph

Article in Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Naomi OsakabeSystems Engineering and Science, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama, 337-8570, Japan.
Hitomi NakamuraDepartment of Bioscience and Engineering, Faculty of System Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minumaku, Saitama, 337-8570, Japan.
Yamato YoshidaDepartment of Bioscience and Engineering, Faculty of System Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minumaku, Saitama, 337-8570, Japan.
Sae KatsuragawaDepartment of Bioscience and Engineering, Faculty of System Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minumaku, Saitama, 337-8570, Japan.
Naoki IidaDepartment of Bioscience and Engineering, Faculty of System Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minumaku, Saitama, 337-8570, Japan.
Yasuyuki FujiiSystems Engineering and Science, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama, 337-8570, Japan.
Ursula M JacobHealthcare AG, Zurich, Switzerland.
Tilman FritschNAM Institute, Salzburg, Austria.
Ali AbdelhameedDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Vittorio CalabreseDepartment of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Flavan-3-ols (FLs), astringent polyphenols, are known to have low bioavailability and induce excessive sympathetic nervous system activation. This study aimed to compare the effects of FLs on brown, subcutaneous, and visceral adipose tissue in mice. Methods: C57BL/6J male mice fed a standard or high-fat diet were given water or 50 mg/kg FL orally by gavage for 2 weeks. Excised brown, inguinal, and epididymal fat tissues were prepared for frozen sectioning. After hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, the effects of FL administration on each adipose tissue were observed, and expression analysis of mitochondrial DNA genes was performed. Results: Repeated administration of FL had no morphological effects on brown adipose tissue or visceral fat. However, FL significantly reduced the cell size in subcutaneous fat and induced the appearance of multilocular structures. Furthermore, FL increased cytochrome B expression in subcutaneous fat. The results showed that FLs induce browning of subcutaneous fat in mice. Conclusion: This study showed that FL-induced enhancement of sympathetic nerve activity increased mitochondria in subcutaneous fat and promoted browning. However, no changes were observed in other adipose tissues. Further long-term administration is required to analyze the effects of FLs on adipose tissue thoroughly.

Indexed as

brown adiposeepididymal adiposeflavan 3-olsinguinal adiposesympathetic nerve

Identifiers

PMID40109327
PMCPMC11920759

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.