ReviewAnnals of botany2025
Self-sterility, self-incompatibility and xenia: a review of the mechanisms of cross-pollination benefits in animal-pollinated crops.
Review in Annals of botany, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Chromosome doubling is associated with enhanced self-compatibility and transcriptional remodeling of pollen-pistil interactions in Lycium chinense.Plant cell reports · 2026Article
- Genome-wide variation analysis of two Salvia hispanica L. genotypes and implication for associations with metabolic and adaptive traits.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Floral Traits, Pollination and Reproductive Differentiation in GynodioeciousPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Premature pollen development hinders autonomous self-pollination and promotes insect pollination in soybean (Glycine max L.).Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Investigating morphological and biological reproductive traits in self-fertile and -infertile macadamia cultivars.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- The sexual reproductive strategy in clonal Scopolia carniolica is based on obligatory cross-pollination and self-incompatibility.Scientific reports · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWhile there are multiple mechanisms of self-incompatibility (SI), known to promote outbreeding in angiosperms, these are not well synthesized and described across major global crops. This can lead to misinterpretations of biological processes involved in crop pollination, fertilization and fertility, in particular by confusing them with an additional overlooked phenomenon causing self-sterility (SS), early-acting inbreeding depression (EID). Another overlooked mechanism, called xenia, results in increased quality of seeds and fruits through cross-pollination even in self-compatible and self-fertile crops. SCOPE: The aim of this review was to describe and synthesize all the known mechanisms of SI and SS encountered in animal-pollinated (zoophilous) crops, and additional mechanisms by which cross-pollination can be beneficial for crop production. All the known zoophilous crops presenting SS, SI or xenia were quantified and described. KEY
resultsOne hundred and thirty-four zoophilous crops were found to be self-sterile, including 52 displaying complete SS and 82 displaying partial SS. We identified all the known mechanisms of SI and SS in these crops, including gametophytic SI, sporophytic SI, heteromorphic SI, late-acting SI and EID. In addition, 58 zoophilous crops were found to display xenia, including 22 that are self-compatible and completely self-fertile. In total, 156 zoophilous crops were identified as benefitting from cross-pollination for the quantity and quality of seed and fruit production.
conclusionsWhile previous reviews focused on quantifying the benefit of animal pollinators for crop production, they did not synthesize the mechanisms underlying pollinator dependence for such crops. Our review provides valuable knowledge about crop pollination requirements in general and more particularly the benefits of cross-pollination across crops ranging in self-fertility. This information could help growers make suitable management decisions regarding their field and orchard planting designs, specifically by mixing mutually suitable cultivars in crops displaying SS or SI, or benefiting from xenia.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.