SynthesisEuropean journal of neurology2025
Retrograde Amnesia in LGI1 and CASPR2 Limbic Encephalitis: Two Case Reports and a Systematic Literature Review.
Synthesis in European journal of neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Integrated acupuncture-pharmacotherapy for perimenopausal insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Beyond memories: A narrative review on the role of amygdalo-hippocampal complex in social cognition.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Review
- Microbiota and Alzheimer's disease: mechanistic insights from a multi-organ perspective.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Fatal West Nile Encephalomyelitis in a Young Woman with Hypoparathyroidism and Sjögren's Syndrome. Molecular Insights into Viral Neuro-Invasivity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The impact of high-sugar diets on central nervous system disorders: mechanisms, pathogenesis, and dietary implication.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Noradrenergic Slow Vasomotion: The Hidden Fluid Pump Linking Sleep, Brain Clearance, and Dementia Pathogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Therapeutic Plasma Exchange: Current and Emerging Applications to Mitigate Cellular Signaling in Disease.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Evaluation of warning strategies for paraneoplastic neurological syndromes associated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Abrupt Breathlessness: Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia Associated with Inebilizumab in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Case Report and Literature Review.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBoth anterograde and retrograde amnesia can typically co-occur in limbic autoimmune encephalitis (LAE), including the forms associated with antibodies to CASPR2/LGI1, two protein complexed with the voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC). However, isolated retrograde amnesia is very rare, and it has never been described in LAE.
methodsWe report two patients with CASPR2 LAE who showed isolated retrograde amnesia, without other significant cognitive impairments. A systematic literature review was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines on patients with LAE, antibodies to the VGKC complex (including LGI1, CASPR2, or the VGKC), and memory impairment.
resultsWe identified 467 patients from 29 studies. Fourteen/467 had retrograde amnesia (2.9%), which co-occurred with anterograde amnesia in 12 with VGKC antibodies (7 with LGI1 LAE-like clinical phenotypes). Our two cases with CASPR2 LAE (2/469, 0.4%) were the only ones with isolated retrograde amnesia, which was actively investigated in only 56/467 patients. Thirteen/14 patients, including the two with isolated retrograde amnesia, had partial or poor cognitive improvement.
conclusionsRetrograde amnesia is rare but likely under-recognized in VGKC-complex antibodies LAE and associates with poor recovery. When isolated, it adds to the spectrum of CASPR2 LAE. These findings promote insights into retrograde amnesia pathophysiology, deserving investigation across the whole spectrum of AE.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.