ArticleThorax2025
Association between asthma and type 2 diabetes in a Swedish adult population: a register-based cross-sectional study.
Article in Thorax, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Metabolic dysfunction, antidiabetic drugs, and asthma: bibliometric evidence, emerging trends, and translational frontiers from 2006 to 2025.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Coexisting Asthma and Diabetes Are Associated With Adverse Metabolic and Inflammatory Profiles.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- GLP-1 receptor agonists and obstructive lung disease: Beyond metabolic control to respiratory outcomes.Metabolism open · 2026Review
- Association between neighborhood deprivation and type 2 diabetes risks among asthma patients: a nationwide population-based cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveAsthma and type 2 diabetes are two important causes of morbidity globally. We examined both the association of type 2 diabetes with asthma in Swedish adults and the familial co-aggregation of the diseases.
methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of all adults aged 25-85 in Sweden between 2009 and 2013. Asthma and type 2 diabetes status were ascertained from the health registers. Models were adjusted for sex, age, education level, income and country of birth and in a subset, for body mass index (BMI). We further conducted a familial coaggregation analysis to determine if shared familial factors could explain any observed findings.
resultsThe study included 5 299 245 participants, 25 292 (0.5%) had both asthma and type 2 diabetes. In the total population, the OR for the association between type 2 diabetes and asthma was 1.47 (95% CI 1.45 to 1.49); in the population of men (1.30 (95% CI 1.27 to 1.32)) and women (1.63 (95% CI 1.60 to 1.66)). The ORs were slightly higher among men (1.51 (95% CI 1.45 to 1.56)) and women (2.04 (95% CI 1.96 to 2.11)) for whom BMI measurements were available but attenuated with adjustment for BMI (1.45 (95% CI 1.40 to 1.51)) and (1.76 (95% CI 1.68 to 1.84)). Diabetes was more likely if a full sibling had asthma than if the sibling did not (1.13 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.15)).
conclusionsWe found an association between asthma and type 2 diabetes that was sustained after adjusting for BMI, indicating that BMI alone does not explain this relationship. We also found that the two conditions coaggregate in siblings, indicating that the association is partly due to shared familial genetic and environmental risk factors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.