Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40123548›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine2025

Adherence to unilateral hypoglossal nerve stimulation and changes in Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores.

Emily A Commesso, Cyrus Haghighian, Eric J Kezirian

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Automatic activation of neurostimulation for central sleep apnea results in high nightly usage.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2026
    Trial
  2. The benefits of capturing patient-reported outcome measures for treatment of obstructive sleep apnea with hypoglossal nerve stimulation.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Emily A CommessoDepartment of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
Cyrus HaghighianDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Eric J KezirianDepartment of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California.

Funding

Upper airway collapsibility, loop gain and arousal threshold: an integrative therapeutic approach to obstructive sleep apneaR01HL160993 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI KEZIRIAN, ERIC JAMES · 2022 to 2025
$2.6M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL160993
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

STUDY

objectivesEffective treatment of obstructive sleep apnea depends on efficacy and adherence. The objective of this analysis was to examine the association between adherence to unilateral hypoglossal nerve stimulation (Inspire upper airway stimulation) and changes in daytime sleepiness.

methodsParticipants were adults treated with unilateral hypoglossal nerve stimulation enrolled in the ADHERE Registry. All participants included in the analysis completed a final visit 1-2 years following implantation. Outcomes were the change in Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score and normalization of a baseline abnormal ESS score (baseline ESS > 10 and final ESS ≤ 10). Statistical analyses examined the association between objective therapy adherence and ESS outcomes, with multiple regression including adjustment for age, sex, race, ethnicity, body mass index, and apnea-hypopnea index-defined responder status.

resultsThe analysis included 1,147 participants who were primarily middle-aged (59.7 ± 10.5 years), overweight (body mass index: 29.1 ± 3.7), White (95.8%), male (76.8%), and with severe obstructive sleep apnea (apnea-hypopnea index: 35.12 ± 14.81). ESS scores decreased from 11.3 ± 5.5 at baseline to 6.9 ± 4.6 at the final visit. Of those with baseline ESS > 10, 68% (441/644) achieved normalized ESS scores at the final visit. Multiple regression analyses showed that each additional hour/night of therapy use was associated with a decrease in ESS score (0.17,

conclusionsAdherence to hypoglossal nerve stimulation is associated with improvement in daytime sleepiness symptoms and increased odds of achieving normalization of daytime sleepiness. CITATION: Commesso EA, Haghighian C, Kezirian EJ. Adherence to unilateral hypoglossal nerve stimulation and changes in Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores.

Indexed as

Disorders of Excessive SomnolenceElectric Stimulation TherapyHypoglossal NervePatient ComplianceSleep Apnea, ObstructiveFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRegistriesTreatment Outcomehypoglossal nerveobstructivesleep apneasleepiness

Identifiers

PMID40123548
PMCPMC12225265

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.