ArticleResuscitation plus2025
Defining the terminology of first responders alerted for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest by medical dispatch centres: An international consensus study on nomenclature.
Article in Resuscitation plus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07589504 (FIRSST-RER Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
FIRSST-RER Study: The Impact of First Responder Intervention on Survival in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Emilia-Romagna
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- When Bystanders Skip CPR: Insights from a Retrospective Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Article
- Motivational aspects among MEDical Students to Participate as first ResPONDer in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (MEDSPOND): a pre-post educational intervention study.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Barriers and facilitators while implementing community first responder systems in a western setting: mixed-methods expert consensus.International journal of emergency medicine · 2026Review
- Barriers and enablers to public access defibrillation - an international RAND-UCLA consensus study.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Terminology matters: distinguishing bystanders from first responders in resuscitation science.Resuscitation plus · 2026Article
- Manikin vs. mannequin: terminological consistency in simulation-based resuscitation research.Resuscitation plus · 2025Article
- Integrating smartwatch-based out-of-hospital cardiac arrest detection into resuscitation systems: a focus group study of community responder perspectives.Resuscitation plus · 2025Article
- Smartphone-based alert of community first responders: A multinational survey to characterise contemporary systems.Resuscitation plus · 2025Article
- Emergency medical services, treatment of cardiac arrest patients and cardiac arrest registries in Europe - Update on systems.Resuscitation plus · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
45 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aim: Emergency medical services target to reduce time to cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation by alerting additional individuals to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Multiple terms are used to describe these individuals, potentially causing confusion and hindering comparisons. This international consensus study aimed to establish standardised terminology. Methods: Forty-six interdisciplinary researchers from four continents participated in a symposium on "Community First Responders" with the objective of standardising relevant terminology. Initially, terms were proposed anonymously for individuals alerted during work hours and those alerted during leisure time. Each term was rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Terms receiving a high level of agreement were included in the final voting process. Results: Seven terms were suggested for individuals alerted during work hours. In the first voting "first responder", "professional first responder", and "on-duty first responder" achieved high agreement. Ultimately, consensus was reached on the term "on-duty first responder".For individuals alerted during leisure time, ten terms were proposed. Among these, "first responder", "citizen first responder", "community emergency responder", "community first responder", "volunteer first responder", "volunteer responder", and "volunteer community first responder" reached high agreement. In the final vote "community first responder" was selected.The consensus group agreed that the overarching term "first responder" should be used to describe all community-based individuals, who are alerted, regardless of whether they are on duty or off duty. Conclusion: This consensus study recommends using the terms "on-duty first responder" and "community first responder" to describe individuals additionally alerted by medical dispatch centres to facilitate early intervention in OHCA.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.