ArticlePreventive medicine reports2025
The J-shaped relationship between the gamma-glutamyltransferase to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and mortality risk in U.S. adults.
Article in Preventive medicine reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Research has investigated the gamma-glutamyltransferase to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (GGT/HDL-C) ratio concerning metabolic diseases. This study aims to explore its effects on mortality, including cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2018), comprising 50,462 U.S. adults. Survival outcomes were assessed through Kaplan-Meier curves, and a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was employed to analyze the relationship between GGT/HDL-C levels and mortality risk. Restricted cubic splines and hierarchical analyses were utilized to explore potential non-linear associations and interactions, respectively. Results: During a median follow-up period of 114.4 months, 7573 deaths were recorded, including 1956 deaths related to CVD. The relationship between the GGT/HDL-C ratio and the likelihood of all-cause death and CVD death showed a J-shaped curve in the restricted cubic spline analysis. Below a lnGGT/HDL-C of 2.3 (GGT/HDL-C of 10.0), no significant correlation with all-cause mortality was identified, while the threshold for CVD death was established at lnGGT/HDL-C of 2.5. Beyond these thresholds, each unit increase in lnGGT/HDL-C was associated with a 36.3 % higher risk of all-cause mortality [HR (95 % CI), 1.36 (1.26, 1.47)] and a 67.1 % increased risk of death from CVD [HR (95 % CI), 1.67 (1.42, 1.97)]. Consistent findings were observed across various subgroups, with participants younger than 65 showing a more pronounced association. Conclusions: The GGT/HDL-C ratio exhibits a J-shaped correlation with the risk of all-cause mortality and CVD mortality among U.S. adults. This ratio may be utilized for assessing mortality risk.
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