Evidence mapPaperPMID 40131327Full record

Trial reportJMIR formative research2025

Multilevel Intervention to Increase Patient Portal Use in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Who Access Health Care at Community Health Centers: Single Arm, Pre-Post Pilot Study.

Robin Whittemore, Sangchoon Jeon, Samuel Akyirem, Helen N C Chen, Joanna Lipson, Maritza Minchala, Julie Wagner

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in JMIR formative research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05180721 (A Multi-level Intervention to Increase Access and Use of the Patient Portal), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05180721 nacompletednot on this map

A Multi-level Intervention to Increase Access and Use of the Patient Portal

TypeinterventionalSponsorYale UniversityRan2022 to 2024Enrolled26ConditionsPatient Education, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2ArmsUse of patient portal for diabetes management
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Robin Whittemore *School of Nursing, Yale University, Orange, CT, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-9434-0230
Sangchoon Jeon *School of Nursing, Yale University, Orange, CT, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-2855-2053
Samuel AkyiremSchool of Nursing, Yale University, Orange, CT, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-1654-2774
Helen N C ChenDepartment of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-4371-1147
Joanna LipsonSchool of Nursing, Yale University, Orange, CT, United States.ORCID 0009-0005-2557-0442
Maritza MinchalaSchool of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.ORCID 0009-0002-9795-7070
Julie WagnerDepartment of Behavioral Sciences and Community Health, University of Connecticut School of Dental Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-1439-8940

Funding

New York Regional Center for Diabetes Translation ResearchP30DK111022 · ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · 2025 to 2025
$810k
NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK111022NIMHD NIH HHS R21 MD016949
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDiabetes self-management education and support (DSMS) delivered via patient portals significantly improves glycemic control. Yet, disparities in patient portal use persist. Community health centers (CHCs) deliver care to anyone who needs it, regardless of income or insurance status.

objectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a multilevel intervention to increase access and use of portals (MAP) among people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) receiving health care at CHCs.

methodsA within-subjects, pre-post design was used. Adults with T2D who were portal naive were recruited from 2 CHCs. After informed consent, participants met with a community health worker for referrals for social determinants of health, provision of a tablet with cell service, and individualized training on use of the tablet and portal. Next, a nurse met individually with participants to develop a DSMS plan and then communicated with patients via the portal at least twice weekly during the first 3 months and weekly for the latter 3 months. Data were collected at baseline, 3 months and 6 months. The primary outcome was patient activation and engagement with the portal. Secondary outcomes included technology attitudes, digital health literacy, health-related outcomes and psychosocial function.

resultsIn total, 26 patients were eligible, 23 received the intervention, and one was lost to follow up. The sample was predominately Latino or Hispanic (17/22, 77%) and reported low income (19/22, 86%< US $40,000/year), low education (13/22, 59% <high school), and no health insurance (12/22, 55%). All participants had access to a Smartphone, but 91% (20/22) had never accessed a health app. The baseline hemoglobin A

conclusionsMAP shows promise for improving health equity in portal use for T2D. Larger, controlled studies are needed to determine how best to implement MAP in complex clinical settings and to evaluate efficacy over time.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT05180721; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05180721.

Indexed as

Community Health CentersDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Health Services AccessibilityPatient PortalsSelf-ManagementAdultAgedFeasibility StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPatient Education as TopicPilot ProjectsadultsCHCscommunity health centercommunity health centersdiabetesdiabetes mellitusdiabeticdigital healthdigital health literacyDMefficacyfeasibilityglycemic controlhealth technologieshealth technologymobile phonepatient portalpatient portalspilot studyprimary outcomepsychosocialself-managementsocial determinants of healthT2DType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID40131327
PMCPMC11979536

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.