Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40133039›Full record

ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2025

Population-Based Matched Cohort Study of COVID-19 Healthcare Costs, Ontario, Canada.

Beate Sander, Sharmistha Mishra, Sarah Swayze, Yeva Sahakyan, Raquel Duchen, Kieran Quinn, Naveed Janjua, Hind Sbihi, Jeffrey Kwong

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Beate Sander
Sharmistha Mishra
Sarah Swayze
Yeva Sahakyan
Raquel Duchen
Kieran Quinn
Naveed Janjua
Hind Sbihi
Jeffrey Kwong

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Estimates of COVID-19-related healthcare costs are key to health system planning, but attributable cost data remain limited. We characterized healthcare costs attributable to COVID-19 through a population-based matched cohort study in Ontario, Canada, by using health administrative data. We matched SARS-CoV-2-positive persons from 2020 to unexposed historical control persons from 2016-2018. We estimated phase-based and survival-adjusted COVID-19-attributable healthcare costs from the health system perspective. We matched 159,817 persons. Mean (95% CI) attributable 10-day costs per person were $1 ($-4 to $6) preindex, $240 ($231-$249) during acute care, $18 ($14-$21) in postacute phases, $3,928 ($3,471-$4,384) in the terminal phase for early deaths, and $1,781 ($1,182-$2,380) for late deaths. Mean cumulative survival-adjusted cost at 360 days was $2,553 ($2,348-$2,756) per person. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with substantial long-term healthcare costs, consistent with understanding of post-COVID condition. Determining phase-specific costs can inform budget and pandemic planning.

Indexed as

COVID-19Health Care CostsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedOntarioSARS-CoV-2Young AdultCanadaCOVID-19health administrative datahealthcare costOntariorespiratory infectionsSARS-CoV-2viruses

Identifiers

PMID40133039
PMCPMC11950279

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.