Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40136433›Full record

ReviewCurrent issues in molecular biology2025

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors in the Vascularization of Pancreatic Tumors: Implications for Prognosis and Therapy.

Craig Grobbelaar, Vanessa Steenkamp, Peace Mabeta

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current issues in molecular biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Design, synthesis,RSC advances · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Craig GrobbelaarDepartment of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-5341-0562
Vanessa SteenkampDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0003-3575-0410
Peace MabetaDepartment of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In pancreatic cancer (PC), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its primary receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-2, are central drivers of angiogenesis and metastasis, with their overexpression strongly associated with poor prognosis. In some PC patients, VEGF levels correlate with disease stage, tumor burden, and survival outcomes. However, therapies targeting VEGF and VEGFR-2, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and monoclonal antibodies, have demonstrated limited efficacy, partly due to the emergence of resistance mechanisms. Resistance appears to stem from the activation of alternative vascularization pathways. This review explores the multifaceted roles of VEGFRs in pancreatic cancer, including VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-3. Potential strategies to improve VEGFR-targeting therapies, such as combination treatments, the development of more selective inhibitors, and the use of biomarkers, are discussed as promising approaches to enhance treatment efficacy and outcomes.

Indexed as

angiogenesishypoxialymphangiogenesismetastasispancreatic cancertumor microenvironmentvascular homeostasisVEBFR-3VEGFR-1VEGFR-2

Identifiers

PMID40136433
PMCPMC11941243

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.