Evidence mapPaperPMID 40137447Full record

SynthesisMedical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)2025

FGF-23 as a Biomarker for Carotid Plaque Vulnerability: A Systematic Review.

Joana Oliveira-Sousa, Mariana Fragão-Marques, Luís Duarte-Gamas, Hugo Ribeiro, João Rocha-Neves

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Joana Oliveira-SousaRISE-Health, Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.ORCID 0009-0008-1332-4748
Mariana Fragão-MarquesRISE-Health, Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
Luís Duarte-GamasDepartment of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, Local Health Unit Tâmega e Sousa, 4560-136 Penafiel, Portugal.
Hugo RibeiroRISE-Health, Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0001-6623-7420
João Rocha-NevesRISE-Health, Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-2656-8935

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesCarotid artery disease is a condition affecting 3% of the general population which significantly contributes to the development of cerebrovascular events. Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 (FGF-23) is a hormone that has been linked to atherosclerosis and increased cardiovascular risk, including stroke and myocardial infarction. This review explores the association of FGF-23 with carotid artery disease progression in an endarterectomy clinical context.

methodsBased on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), a search was performed relying on MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science, identifying publications focused on the correlation between serum FGF-23 and carotid artery disease. Assessment of study quality was made using National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Study Quality Assessment Tool (NHLBI).

resultsThree observational studies, comprising 1039 participants, were included. There was considerable heterogeneity among the populations from the different studies. Elevated FGF-23 levels were consistently associated with unstable plaque features, including intraplaque neovascularization, as identified through Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI). Plasma levels of inflammatory mediators, such as Interleukin-6 (Il-6), Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1), and Osteoprotegerin (OPG), positively correlated with carotid artery disease, but their link to unstable plaques is conflicting. None of the studies investigated clinical complications following carotid endarterectomy.

conclusionsFGF-23 is a potential biomarker for plaque vulnerability in carotid disease. Despite promising findings, limitations such as small sample sizes and lack of longitudinal data suggest the need for larger and more diverse studies to improve risk stratification and inform personalized treatment strategies for carotid atherosclerosis.

Indexed as

Carotid Artery DiseasesFibroblast Growth FactorsPlaque, AtheroscleroticBiomarkersEndarterectomy, CarotidFibroblast Growth Factor-23HumansBiomarkersFGF23 protein, humanFibroblast Growth Factor-23Fibroblast Growth Factorsatherosclerosiscarotid endarterectomyinflammationklothoplaque instabilitystroke risk

Identifiers

PMID40137447
PMCPMC11943977

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.