ArticleSports (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Beyond the Handicap: A Cross-Sectional Study of Mental Health Amongst Registered Golfers in Spain.
Article in Sports (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The prevalence of impaired mental health (MH) has increased in recent decades. The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence of impaired MH amongst registered Spanish golfers using the GHQ-28 questionnaire. A cross-sectional online survey was carried out in Spain between March and August 2024 using a self-administered questionnaire on 298 adult participants. The participants were mainly men (75.1%) over 60 years of age (50.7%) who were married or with a partner (79.5%), and who were active in the job market (56%). Of the participants, 73.5% reported an improvement in MH levels attributed to the game, and 77.2% recommended golf as a way to improve MH. The prevalence of impaired MH was 6.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.1-10.2%). Differences in impaired MH were found according to age (<=45 years: 28.6%; 46-60 years: 5.0% and >60 years: 4.0%;
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