ReviewArchives of toxicology2025
Hazard characterization of the mycotoxins enniatins and beauvericin to identify data gaps and improve risk assessment for human health.
Review in Archives of toxicology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Enniatin Mycotoxins in Food: A Systematic Review of Global Occurrence, Biosynthesis, and Toxicological Impacts on In Vitro Human Cell Models.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2025Pooled it
- Chronic exposure to aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A, and citrinin in women and children and associated health risk characterization: blood biomonitoring evidence from rural Bangladesh.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Article
- Current status of human biomonitoring of beauvericin and enniatins.Archives of toxicology · 2026Review
- Immunomodulatory and Cytotoxic Properties of Enniatin B1 in Porcine Alveolar Macrophages.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2026Article
- Coexistence and combined toxic effects of principal emerging and common mycotoxins.Mycotoxin research · 2026Review
- Validated SPE-HPLC-MS/MS analysis of steroid hormones in H295R cell culture medium: chromatographic separation and ESI response in the presence of potential endocrine-disrupting chemicals.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Distinguishing cytotoxicity-associated and direct immunomodulatory effects of enniatins and beauvericin in human immune and intestinal cells.Mycotoxin research · 2026Article
- Biological Detoxification of Mycotoxins by Lactic Acid Bacteria: Safeguarding Food from Fungal Contaminants.Toxins · 2026Review
- Article
- Enniatins and Beauvericin as Emerging Mycotoxins in the Context of Climate Change in Europe.Toxins · 2026Review
- Review
- ENN A1 and B1 In Vitro Toxicological Effects on 2D and 3D Organ-on-Chip HepaRG Liver Cells.Toxins · 2026Article
- A validated LC-MS/MS multi-method for the determination of 110 mycotoxins and plant toxins in cow milk and application to samples from Germany.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
36 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Enniatins (ENNs) and beauvericin (BEA) are cyclic hexadepsipeptide fungal metabolites which have demonstrated antibiotic, antimycotic, and insecticidal activities. The substantial toxic potentials of these mycotoxins are associated with their ionophoric molecular properties and relatively high lipophilicities. ENNs occur extensively in grain and grain-derived products and are considered a food safety issue by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). The tolerable daily intake and maximum levels for ENNs in humans and animals remain unestablished due to key toxicological and toxicokinetic data gaps, preventing full risk assessment. Aiming to find critical data gaps impeding hazard characterization and risk evaluation, this review presents a comprehensive summary of the existing information from in vitro and in vivo studies on toxicokinetic characteristics and cytotoxic, genotoxic, immunotoxic, endocrine, reproductive and developmental effects of the most prevalent ENN analogues (ENN A, A1, B, B1) and BEA. The missing information identified showed that additional studies on ENNs and BEA have to be performed before sufficient data for an in-depth hazard characterisation of these mycotoxins become available.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.