Evidence mapPaperPMID 40138049Full record

ReviewCellular and molecular neurobiology2025

Genetic, Epigenetic, and Hormonal Regulation of Stress Phenotypes in Major Depressive Disorder: From Maladaptation to Resilience.

Anushka Arvind, S Sreelekshmi, Neelima Dubey

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cellular and molecular neurobiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Anushka Arvind *Dr Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India.
S Sreelekshmi *Endocrinology Unit, Department of Zoology, Madras Christian College, East Tambaram, Chennai, 600059, Tamil Nadu, India.
Neelima DubeyDr Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India. NeelimaD@drils.org.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a complex psychiatric disorder with varied molecular mechanisms underlying its aetiology, diagnosis, and treatment. This review explores the crucial roles of stress, genetics, epigenetics, and hormones in shaping susceptibility and resilience to mood disorders. We discuss how acute stress can be beneficial, while prolonged stress disrupts brain function, leading to MDD. The review also highlights the significance of various animal models in understanding depression pathophysiology, including zebrafish, mice, and rats, which exhibit distinct sex differences in stress responses. Furthermore, we delve into the molecular bases of susceptible and resilient phenotypes, focusing on genetic aspects such as gene polymorphisms, mutations, and telomere length alterations. The review also examines epigenetic aspects including DNA methylation, histone acetylation and deacetylation, histone methylation and HMTs, and miRNA, which contribute to the development of MDD. Additionally, we explore the role of hormones such as estrogen, progesterone, and prolactin in modulating stress responses and influencing MDD susceptibility and resilience. Finally, we discuss the clinical implications of these findings, including recent clinical methods for determining MDD susceptibility and resiliency phenotypes. By consolidating the current knowledge and insights, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the molecular basis of susceptibility and resilience in mood disorders, contributing to the ongoing efforts in combating this debilitating disorder.

Indexed as

Epigenesis, GeneticHormonesMajor Depressive DisorderResilience, PsychologicalStress, PsychologicalAnimalsHumansPhenotypeHormonesDepressionMajor depressive disorderResilienceStressSusceptibility

Identifiers

PMID40138049
PMCPMC11947386

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.