ArticleJACC. Basic to translational science2025
Metabolic and Pharmacokinetic Profiling of a Ketone Ester by Background SGLT2 Inhibitor Therapy in HFrEF.
Article in JACC. Basic to translational science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05757193 (Ketone Pharmacokinetic Study in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction), which is not on this map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Ketone Pharmacokinetic Study in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Crossover Trial of Exogenous Ketones on Cardiometabolic Endpoints in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.JACC. Heart failure · 2025Trial
- From Fuel to Flow: Translating the Beneficial Hemodynamic Effects of Exogenous Ketones in the ICU.JACC. Heart failure · 2026Article
- Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Biomarkers of Cardiac Metabolic Flexibility in Health, HFrEF and HFpEF.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Effect of Exogenous Ketones on Signs and Symptoms of Schizophrenia Spectrum and Bipolar Disorders: Study Protocol for a Triple-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Crossover Pilot Study.Current developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- Have Your Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor-Derived Ketones and Eat Them Too.JACC. Basic to translational science · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Growing evidence supports therapeutic ketosis in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, though uncertainty exists regarding use with SGLT2i and dose-dependent effects. In a phase I trial of 2 ketone ester (KE) doses in 20 heart failure with reduced ejection fraction participants, stratified by background SGLT2i, the authors detailed pharmacokinetic parameters, noting rapid ketosis and short half-life. KE was associated with lower non-esterified fatty acid, branched-chain amino acids, and most acylcarnitines (except C2 and C4-OH, which increased); differences were observed by SGLT2i and KE dose. Increases in heart rate and decreases in systolic blood pressure, pH, and bicarbonate were generally transient. KE ingestion induces rapid changes in key metabolic pathways, differentially affected by SGLT2i (fatty acid metabolism) and KE dose (ketone metabolism). Hemodynamic effects were transient and irrespective of dose or SGLT2i. (Ketone Pharmacokinetic Study in HFrEF; NCT05757193).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.