Trial reportNature communications2025
Cost-effectiveness of community-based integrated care model for patients with diabetes and depressive symptoms.
Trial report in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- EcoRxAgent: an AI agent for generating economically substitutable prescriptions.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Cost-effectiveness of a smart pillbox intervention for adherence to oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Integrated management of dry eye-depression comorbidity: mechanistic insights and temporal therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- From Passive to Active-Improving the Healthy Self-Help Behavior of Older Adults Through Community Health Association: Mixed Methods Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The coexistence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and depression is a prominent example of multimorbidity. In previous work, we reported the results of a completed cluster-randomized controlled trial that was conducted in eight community health centers in China. We enrolled adults (≥18 years) with type 2 diabetes and depressive symptoms. In the intervention group, a comprehensive care plan was developed based on the Integrated Care Model for Patients with Diabetes and Depression (CIC-PDD). In this study, we explore the cost-effectiveness of the CIC-PDD by conducting a one-year within-trial economic evaluation from the health system, multipayer and societal perspectives. Health outcomes are quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and depression-free days (DFDs), and we calculate incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) and cost-effectiveness probability. Among 630 participants (275 intervention, 355 usual care), the cost per QALY gained is $7,922.82, $7,823.85, and $7,409.46, with cost-effectiveness probabilities of 66.41%- 94.45%. The cost per DFD is $2.63-$2.82, requiring a willingness-to-pay of $9.00-$10.50 for >95% probability of cost-effectiveness. We find that the CIC-PDD model demonstrates cost-effectiveness within primary health care settings, but further studies are needed to assess its long-term sustainability and scalability. Trial registration: 35 ChiCTR2200065608.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.