ReviewLife (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Effect of Eccentric Training with Different Durations, Intensities, and Contraction Velocities on Upper Limb Muscle Strength: A Meta-Analysis.
Review in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Traditional Chinese exercise for quality of life, cognition, sleep in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Skeletal Fiber Type in Muscle Pain and Dysfunction.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Reply to Hertig-Godeschalk et al. Comment on "Bai et al. Effect of Eccentric Training with Different Durations, Intensities, and Contraction Velocities on Upper Limb Muscle Strength: A Meta-Analysis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Comment on Bai et al. Effect of Eccentric Training with Different Durations, Intensities, and Contraction Velocities on Upper Limb Muscle Strength: A Meta-Analysis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Isokinetic Muscle Strengthening of the Lower Limbs in People with Stroke: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Eccentric training may be more effective for muscle strength, but the optimal duration, intensity, and contraction velocity for improving upper limb strength remain unclear. We conducted a search across four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane) to evaluate the impact of eccentric training on upper limb skeletal muscle strength. A meta-analysis using standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was performed. The results from 11 studies involving 368 participants indicated that eccentric training significantly enhanced upper limb strength (SMD = 0.55, CI: 0.32-0.79). Subgroup analysis showed a slight increase in strength in the 1-4 week period (SMD = 0.38, CI: 0.02-0.73), a significant increase in the 4-8 week period (SMD = 0.69, CI: 0.27-1.10), and a substantial increase at 20 weeks (SMD = 0.71, CI: 0.22-1.21). Moderate intensity showed moderate improvements (SMD = 0.47, CI: 0.18-0.77), while high intensity led to significant adaptations (SMD = 0.70, CI: 0.30-1.10). Rapid eccentric contractions (SMD = 0.70, CI: 0.39-1.02) outperformed slow contractions (SMD = 0.35, CI: -0.01-0.71). Eccentric training is effective, with significant results generally requiring 4-8 weeks of high-intensity rapid eccentric training.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.